烟梗浆亚微米醋酸纤维的制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20181202008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探索烟梗浆二醋酸纤维素(CDA)制备的可行性及其可纺性,以醋酸为溶剂,浓硫酸为催化剂,采用低温乙酰化法制备了烟梗木浆三醋酸纤维素(CTA)和二醋酸纤维素,将二醋酸纤维素与市售二醋酸纤维素按质量比20∶80、35∶65、50∶50共混,通过静电纺丝技术进行纺丝,并对纤维的结构和性能进行表征。结果表明:反应时间为5 h,纸浆与乙酸固液比为1∶5,在活化过程中加入硫酸后,醋酸纤维素的取代度从2.68提高到2.86,达到了三醋酸纤维素的标准;在80 ℃时水解6 h后可得到取代度约为2.5的CDA;与纯纺CDA纤维得到的亚微米混纺纤维相比,烟梗浆二醋酸纤维素与市售二醋酸纤维素混纺纤维的线密度及其不匀率降低,表明了烟梗浆CDA混纺的可行性。

关键词: 醋酸纤维素, 烟梗溶解浆, 醋化, 水解, 静电纺丝

Abstract:

In order to prepare cellulose diacetate (CDA) from burley tobacco stalk pulp (TSP) and measure its spinnability, cellulose triacetate (CTA) and CDA were prepared from burley TSP by low-temperature acetylation using acetic anhydride and sulfuric acid as catalyst. The prepared CDA was mixed with commercial CDA at a mass ratio of 20∶80, 35∶65 and 50∶50, respectively, and electrospinning was applied to spin the fibers. The structure and properties of the fibers were characterized. The result shows that with reaction time of 5 h, pulp to acetic acid sold-liquid ratio of 1∶5 and addition of sulfuric acid during activation procedure, the degree of substitution of TSP cellulose acetate increases from 2.68 to 2.86, which meets the requirements of CTA. TSP cellulose diacetate with degree of substitution about 2.5 is obtained by hydrolysis at 80 ℃ for 6 h. Compared with sub-micron blended fibers obtained from pure electrospun commercial CDA, the fiber diameter and unevenness of blended fibers of TSP cellulose diacetate and commercial CDA both reduce, proving the feasibility of blended spinning of TSP cellulose diacetate.

Key words: cellulose acetate, tobacco stalk dissolving pulp, acetylation, hydrolysis, electrospinning

中图分类号:

TQ353.21

吴佳骏, 覃小红. 烟梗浆亚微米醋酸纤维的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40(12): 1-8.

WU Jiajun, QIN Xiaohong. Preparation and characterization of cellulose acetate sub-micro fiber from burley tobacco stalk pulp[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(12): 1-8.

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木浆名称	成分含量/%				黏度/ (mPa·s)	灰分含量/%	水分含量/%	白度/%	纤维长度/mm
木浆名称	葡聚糖	木聚糖	木质素	甘露糖	黏度/ (mPa·s)	灰分含量/%	水分含量/%	白度/%	纤维长度/mm
TSP	93.7±0.5	2.4±0.1	0.4±0.0	0.0±0.0	5.9	0.15±0.01	6.81±0.53	89.0±0.4	0.43
HWP	79.5±0.1	13.6±0.1	2.2±0.2	0.0±0.0	17.6	0.33±0.06	5.03±0.32	85.7±0.2	0.70
DPA	95.7±0.6	1.7±0.2	0.3±0.0	1.4±0.1	30.4	0.21±0.02	5.97±0.22	92.3±0.4	1.37
DPB	95.4±0.1	1.6±0.2	0.3±0.0	1.0±0.2	19.1	0.27±0.02	5.48±0.14	92.1±0.4	1.43

试样名称	V₁ /mL	V₂ /mL	C_AV /%	水分/%	X
TSP对比样	6.36±0.04	0.57±0.01	58.52±0.40	1.10±0.05	2.68±0.02
TSP	6.58±0.03	0.57±0.01	61.31±0.31	1.15±0.01	2.86±0.03
HWP	6.71±0.03	0.57±0.01	62.00±0.31	0.96±0.01	2.95±0.03
DPA	6.70±0.04	0.57±0.01	62.02±0.20	1.17±0.01	2.96±0.03
DPB	6.51±0.03	0.62±0.01	60.78±0.31	3.09±0.01	2.86±0.03
市售 CTA	6.70±0.03	0.57±0.01	61.58±0.15	0.46±0.01	2.92±0.02

试样名称	V₁ /mL	V₂ /mL	C_AV /%	水分/%	X
TSP 对比样	6.02±0.01	0.49±0.02	57.00±0.06	3.06±0.02	2.56±0.02
HWP	6.20±0.01	0.49±0.02	59.05±0.01	3.30±0.02	2.72±0.01
DPA	6.00±0.02	0.50±0.02	56.91±0.18	3.35±0.01	2.55±0.02
DPB	5.76±0.03	0.49±0.02	55.90±0.26	5.81±0.01	2.48±0.02
市售 CDA	6.05±0.03	0.60±0.05	55.45±0.30	1.71±0.01	2.45±0.03