Abstract: Amido alkyl imidazoline was synthesized by the reaction of stearic acid and excess diethylene triamine(mol ratio1:0.53) in 92.1% yield of pure product after recrystallization.The imidazoline obtained was followed by a directional reductive ring-opening reaction with sodium borohydride to yield the intermediate amine compound in 86.9% yield,and then the ring-opening product was reacted with D-(+)-glucono-δ-lactone,thus a novel polyamide surfactant with a sugar moiety and double hydrophobic long chains was obtained in 80.2% yield.The structure of products and intermediates were characterized with IR Spectroscopy and ESI-MS.The procedure of this method is simple,efficient and easy to control.The drapability coefficiency of cotton fabric finished by this surfactant was 54.25%,while that of the unfinished fabric was 62.25%.