Abstract:

In order to pripaare practicable polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hollow carbon nanofibers, effects of electrostatic field modes, core components and core needle diameters in the PAN coaxial electrospinning process on the hollow structure forming of the polyacrylonitrile carbon nanofibers and their carbonization yields were systematically studied. The experimental results showed that the core components influence the sheath-core forming of the PAN nanofibers and hollow structure forming of their PAN carbon nanofibers, not the electrostatic field modes and core needle diameters. SEM showed that the cross sections of the PAN carbon nanofibers with the PMMA solution or methylsilicone oil as core are hollow, and those with the PVP solution or air as core are solid. When the PMMA solution was used as core, the PAN nanofibers show the sheath-core structures with good interface compatibility because the sheath and core have the same solvent of DMF and are immiscible, the abtained PAN hollow carbon nanofibers possess the best surface mophology and regular hollow structure and the carbonization yields is 28~31.

Key words: coaxial electrospinning, polyacrylonitrile, sheath-core structure, hollow carbon structure, carbonization yield