Journal of Textile Research ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (04): 8-15.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20220306908

• Fiber Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and properties of plasticized polyvinyl alcohol for sea-island fiber production

WANG Shuanghua1,2, WANG Dong1,2, FU Shaohai1,2(), ZHONG Hongtian3, DONG Peng3   

  1. 1. Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Digital Textile Inkjet Printing, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles (Jiangnan University), Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
    3. Jiangsu Jujie Microfiber Technology Group Co., Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, China
  • Received:2022-03-18 Revised:2022-12-09 Online:2023-04-15 Published:2023-05-12

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Abstract:

Objective Sea-island fibers, which are mostly prepared by melt composite spinning, are favored by the textile industry due to the excellent properties and high added value. Alkali-soluble polyester (COPET) is the common sea component of PVA to be removed by alkali decrement method that will cause environmental pollution. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is expected to replace COPET as the sea component to solve environmental pollution, because it is green, non-toxic and water-soluble.
Method Due to amounts of strong intermolecular/intramolecular hydrogen bonds of PVA, the melting point is approximate to the thermal decomposition temperature, which leads to difficulty for melt processing. Modified PVA with high thermal decomposition temperature was prepared by melt blending with compound plasticizers, which consisted of dipentaerythritol, calcium stearate and irganox B225. The effects of compound plasticizers on thermal properties and fluidity of PVA were investigated by DSC, TG and melt flow rate. The suitable processing temperature of PVA was obtained by torque rheometer. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds, crystallinity and compatibility of modified PVA were analyzed by FT-IR, XRD and SEM.
Results The melt-forming property and thermostability of PVA were improved obviously via introducing compound plasticizers. When the contents of dipentathritol, calcium stearate and irganox B225 were 15%, 3%, and 1%, respectively, the thermal decomposition temperature of modified PVA was up to 301.3 ℃ and the melting point reduced to 178.2 ℃ (Fig. 1, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5), providing a thermal processing window of 123.1 ℃. The modified PVA showed a transparent appearance due to its good melt fluidity and outstanding oxidation resistance (Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6). The plasticization and melt fluidity of modified PVA were significantly enhanced with the increase of melting processing temperature (ranging from 195 to 210 ℃). Obviously, when the processing temperature reached up to 200 ℃, the modified PVA could be well plasticized (Tab. 2). The compound plasticizers could effectively destroy the intramolecular and/or intermolecular hydrogen bonds of PVA and reconstructed the fresh hydrogen bonds with PVA, reflected by the shift of absorption peak (Fig. 7). Interestingly, the compound plasticizers improved greatly the activity of PVA molecular chain, thereby reducing its crystallinity (Fig. 8). Addition, the cross section of the modified PVA was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). There were almost no obvious plasticizer particles precipitation, and some tiny particles were dispersed uniformly in PVA matrix without agglomeration, which indicated good compatibility between the composite plasticizers and PVA (Fig. 9). Furthermore, the resulting modified PVA could still be melt extruded smoothly at 250 ℃, which provided feasibility for melt composite spinning with PET. Particularly, it is unexpected that the modified PVA could be dissolved at 25 ℃ (Tab. 3), which demonstrates good water solubility, creating many opportunities for the subsequent alkali-free fiber opening process of sea-island fiber.
Conclusion The modified PVA was prepared by melting process and its compound plasticizer composed of dipentaerythritol, calcium stearate and irganox B225.The effects of compound plasticizers and processing temperature on the properties of PVA were investigated to optimize its plasticizing modification process. The compound plasticizers can effectively destroy the hydrogen bonds among PVA molecules and enhance the activity of PVA molecular chain to reduce its crystallinity and melting point. Meanwhile, the fresh hydrogen bonds between PVA and the compound plasticizer enhance the stability of PVA hydroxyl group, thereby improving the thermal stability of PVA. In conclusion, the modified PVA has excellent thermostability and melt fluidity as well as water solubility, providing reference and technical support for the preparation of sea-island fiber with PVA as the sea component.

Key words: polyvinyl alcohol, melt processing, high thermal decomposition temperature, plasticizing modification, water solubility, sea-island fiber

CLC Number: 

  • TQ325.9

Tab. 1

Samples parameter table"

样品编号 m(PVA ):m(双季戊四醇):
m(硬脂酸钙):m(抗氧剂B225 )
1# 100:7.5:3:1
2# 100:10:3:1
3# 100:12.5:3:1
4# 100:15:3:1
5# 100:17.5:3:1
6# 100:20:3:1
7# 100:15:0:1
8# 100:15:1:1
9# 100:15:2:1
10# 100:15:4:1
11# 100:15:5:1
12# 100:15:3:0
13# 100:15:3:0.5
14# 100:15:3:0.75
15# 100:15:3:1.25
16# 100:15:3:1.5

Fig. 1

DSC(a) and TG(b) curves of PVA and modified PVA with different contents of dipentaerythritol"

Fig. 2

Effect of dipentaerythritol content on melt flow rate of modified PVA"

Fig. 3

DSC(a) and TG(b) curves of PVA and modified PVA with different calcium stearate contents"

Fig. 4

Effect of calcium stearate content on modified PVA melt flow rate"

Fig. 5

DSC(a) and TG(b) curves of PVA and modified PVA with different antioxidant contents"

Fig. 6

Appearance comparison of modified PVA particles with different antioxidant mass ratios"

Tab. 2

Influence of processing temperature on machining performance of modified PVA"

加工温
度/℃		 转速/
(r·min-1)		 塑化转矩/
(N·m)		 平衡转矩/
(N·m)		 开始熔融
时间/min		 塑化时
间/min
195 50 18.31 15.94 1.67 2.63
200 50 17.27 14.76 1.52 2.41
205 50 15.69 13.73 1.40 2.23
210 50 14.81 13.12 1.35 2.11

Fig. 7

FT-IR spectra of PVA and modified PVA"

Fig. 8

XRD patterns of PVA and modified PVA"

Fig. 9

SEM images of PVA(a)and modified PVA(b)"

Tab. 3

Water solubility of modified PVA (4#)"

样品质量/g 水量/mL 水温/℃ 溶解时间/min
1 100 25 97
1 100 40 70
1 100 50 58
1 100 60 41
1 100 70 32
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