纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (09): 129-136.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210700308

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米包覆分散染料的制备及其免水洗染色性能

付政1,2, 李敏1,2, 何颖婷1,2, 王春霞2, 付少海1,2,3()   

  1. 1.江苏省纺织品数字喷墨印花工程技术研究中心, 江苏 无锡 214122
    2.生态纺织教育部重点实验室(江南大学), 江苏 无锡 214122
    3.国家先进印染技术创新中心, 山东 泰安 271001
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-01 修回日期:2022-06-20 出版日期:2022-09-15 发布日期:2022-09-26
  • 通讯作者: 付少海
  • 作者简介:付政(1997—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为分散染料的超细包覆及应用。
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省自然科学基金面上项目(BK20191334);国家先进印染技术创新中心科研基金项目(ZJ2021A08)

Preparation of nanoscale capsulated disperse dyes and their washing-free dyeing performance

FU Zheng1,2, LI Min1,2, HE Yingting1,2, WANG Chunxia2, FU Shaohai1,2,3()   

  1. 1. Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for Digital Textile Inkjet Printing, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles (Jiangnan University), Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
    3. National Engineering Research Center for Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Taian, Shandong 271001, China
  • Received:2021-07-01 Revised:2022-06-20 Published:2022-09-15 Online:2022-09-26
  • Contact: FU Shaohai

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摘要：

为实现分散染料的免水洗染色,以2,2'-偶氮二异丁基脒二盐酸盐(AIBA)引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)在C.I.分散紫93染料颗粒表面聚合成P(MMA-co-BA)壳层制备纳米包覆分散染料。探讨反应时间、反应温度、引发剂用量和核壳比对包覆过程的影响,得到较佳反应工艺条件为:温度70 ℃,时间3 h,引发剂对单体质量分数3%。研究表明:纳米包覆分散染料的Zeta电位为-61.1 mV,染料热稳定性得到显著改善;将其应用于涤纶及涤/棉织物的免水洗染色,在不明显影响手感、色深度和匀染性的同时,织物的各项色牢度较未经水洗的传统热熔染色工艺可提高1~2级,断裂强力提高约10%,且皂洗残液的化学需氧量降低30%以上。

关键词: 分散染料, 涤纶, 热熔染色, 免水洗染色, 染色性能, 化学需氧量

Abstract:

To achieve the washing-free dyeing of disperse dyes, methyl methacrylate(MMA) and butyl acrylate(BA) were initiated by polymerizing 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochlo-ride(AIBA) on the surface of C.I. Disperse Violet 93 dye particles to form P (MMA-co-BA) shell in order to prepare nanoscale capsulated disperse dyes. The effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, initiator dosage, and core-shell ratio on the coating process were investigated. The optimal reaction conditions were identified as temperature 70 ℃, reaction time 3 h, initiator to monomer mass fraction 3%. The study results show that the Zeta potential of nanoscale capsulated disperse dyes is -61.1 mV, demonstrating significant thermal stability improvement. When applied to avoid water dyeing polyester and polyester/cotton fabric, the color fastness of the fabric dyed with the nanoscale capsulated disperse dye is improved by 1 to 2 grades without causing any obvious disturbance to the dyeing process. The breaking strength of such dyed fabric increased about 10%, and the chemical oxygen demand value of the soap-washing residual solution is reduced by more than 30%.

Key words: disperse dyes, polyester, thermosol dyeing, washing-free dyeing, dyeing performance, chemical oxygen demand value

中图分类号: 

  • TS193.5

图1

纳米包覆分散染料的制备过程"

图2

核壳比、反应时间、反应温度和引发剂对单体质量分数对纳米包覆分散染料粒径分布的影响"

图3

C.I.分散紫93及核壳比为1∶1、1∶2和1∶3的纳米包覆分散染料的TEM照片"

图4

C.I.分散紫93、P(MMA-co-BA)及纳米包覆分散染料的热性能"

图5

Zeta电位分布曲线"

表1

高温下粒径变化率测试结果"

样品名称 粒径变化率/%
C.I.分散紫93分散体 31.8
核壳比为1∶1 2.1
核壳比为1∶2 0.6
核壳比为1∶3 1.5

表2

免水洗染色织物及未经水洗传统热熔染色织物的性能"

织物种类 染色方法 ΔE K/S值 耐摩擦色牢度/级 耐水洗色牢度/级 断裂强
力/N		 皂洗残液COD
值/(mg·L-1)		 柔软度
干 湿 沾色 变色 空气湿度为90% 空气湿度为55%
涤纶织物 未染色 — — — — — — 1 490 — 78.08 73.93
传统热熔染色 0.49 16.2 2~3 3 3 4 1 469 2 856 73.74 67.38
免水洗染色 0.90 16.0 3~4 4 4 4 1 784 1 976 73.65 58.11
涤/棉织物 未染色 — — — — — — 1 037 — 79.32 74.52
传统热熔染色 1.10 8.8 2~3 1~2 2~3 2 961 2 288 75.35 69.75
免水洗染色 1.05 8.1 4~5 4 3 4~5 1 175 1 455 74.31 65.25

图6

涤纶表面及截面SEM照片"

图7

涤纶切片显微镜照片"

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