纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (03): 177-184.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20221102401

• 机械与设备 • 上一篇    下一篇

精梳机分离罗拉齿轮传动机构优化

刘金儒1,2, 李新荣1,2(), 王建坤3, 王浩3, 师帅星1,2, 王彪1,2   

  1. 1.天津工业大学 机械工程学院, 天津 300387
    2.天津市现代机电装备技术重点实验室, 天津 300387
    3.天津工业大学 纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-07 修回日期:2023-03-29 出版日期:2024-03-15 发布日期:2024-04-15
  • 通讯作者: 李新荣
  • 作者简介:刘金儒(1997—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为新型纺织机械设计及自动化。
  • 基金资助:
    天津市131创新型人才团队项目(201916)

Optimization of gear transmission mechanism of detaching roller for comber

LIU Jinru1,2, LI Xinrong1,2(), WANG Jiankun3, WANG Hao3, SHI Shuaixing1,2, WANG Biao1,2   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Mechatronics Equipment Technology, Tianjin 300387, China
    3. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
  • Received:2022-11-07 Revised:2023-03-29 Published:2024-03-15 Online:2024-04-15
  • Contact: LI Xinrong

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摘要：

混合驱动的精梳机分离罗拉齿轮传动机构的动力学性能直接影响车速的提高,为改善传动机构的动力学性能,首先,分析现有混合驱动的精梳机分离罗拉齿轮传动机构,采用集中质量法建立传动机构的固有频率模型,并计算传动机构在不同精梳机车速下的激励频率,发现当车速为600 钳次/min时机构会出现共振;然后,采用导数法建立传动机构固有频率对机构中各个构件转动惯量的灵敏度模型,发现行星轮p的转动惯量对一阶固有频率的影响较大;最后,通过优化传动机构中WW型差动轮系的各个齿轮齿数以改变其转动惯量,使传动机构的一阶固有频率比原先提高了43.44%,避免了机构在600 钳次/min时出现共振。

关键词: 精梳机, 分离罗拉, 混合驱动, 齿轮传动机构

Abstract:

Objective With the increase of combing speed, the internal excitation frequencies of the hybrid-driven gear transmission mechanism of the comber detaching roller will increase. When it approaches the natural frequencies of the transmission mechanism, the mechanism will have resonance, causing damage to some components. Therefore, in order to master the dynamic performance of the transmission mechanism and avoid resonance, it is necessary to study the influence of the change of mechanism parameters on the inherent characteristics and then optimize the design of the transmission mechanism.

Method A hybrid-driven gear transmission mechanism of the comber detaching roller was designed. The lumped-mass method was adopted to establish the natural frequency model of the transmission mechanism, and the excitation frequencies of the transmission mechanism at different comber speeds were calculated. Then, the sensitivity model of the natural frequency of the transmission mechanism to moment of inertias was obtained by derivative method. Finally, by optimizing the number of teeth of each gear in WW differential gear train of the transmission mechanism to change the moment of inertia, the first order natural frequency was increased.

Results The natural frequencies of the transmission mechanism were divided into two types according to the number of multiple roots: single root frequency and N-1 multiple root frequency. With the increase of the number of double planetary gears, the single root frequencies changed, while the N-1 multiple root frequencies were independent of the number of double planetary gears. When the speed of the combing locomotive was 300, 400 and 500 nips/min, the internal excitation frequency of the transmission mechanism did not intersect with the natural frequency, and the mechanism operated normally without resonance. However, when the speed of the combing machine was increased to 600 nips/min, the meshing frequency of the gear pair c-d intersected the first order natural frequency (points A and B), and the mechanism may resonate at these two points. Then, the first order natural frequency decreases with the increase of the moment of inertia of each component. Among them, the first order natural frequency showed the highest sensitivity to the moment of inertia of planetary gear p, and was almost insensitive to the moment of inertia of planetary carrier h and gear b. With the increase of the rotational inertia of planetary gears p and q, the first order natural frequency was decreased rapidly at the initial stage and then decreases gently. With the increase of the rotational inertia of sun gear s and a, the first order natural frequency was decreased gradually with almost constant slope. After parameter optimization, the first natural frequency of the transmission mechanism became 1 259.28 Hz, 43.44% higher than the original, which would avoid the intersection of the internal excitation frequency and the natural frequency of the mechanism when the combing locomotive speed was raised to 600 nips/min, ensuring that the transmission mechanism operates normally without resonance.

Conclusion The method of concentrated mass is adopted to establish the natural frequency model of the hybrid-driven gear transmission mechanism of the comber detaching roller. The relationship between the natural frequency and the excitation frequency of the transmission mechanism under different comber speeds are calculated, and the number of teeth of each gear of WW differential gear train in the transmission mechanism is optimized according to the sensitivity analysis. Further experiments will be carried out in the future to promote the progress of combers.

Key words: comber, detaching roller, hybrid-driven, gear transmission mechanism

中图分类号: 

  • TS112.2

图1

混合驱动的精梳机分离罗拉齿轮传动机构的结构"

表1

混合驱动的精梳机分离罗拉齿轮传动机构中 各构件的基本参数"

构件 齿数
z		 模数
M/mm		 质量
m/kg		 齿宽
b/mm		 压力角/
(°)
太阳轮s 39 2.5 1.48 35.0 20
行星轮pi 21 2.5 0.44 34.5 20
行星轮qi 28 2.5 0.49 34.5 20
太阳轮a 32 2.5 1.13 35.0 20
行星架h 95 2.5 13.15 40.0 20
齿轮b 80 2.5 9.30 40.0 20
齿轮c 87 1.25 2.51 30.0 20
齿轮d 28 1.25 0.14 30.0 20

图2

混合驱动的精梳机分离罗拉齿轮传动机构动力学模型"

表2

不同双联行星轮数目下混合驱动的精梳机分离 罗拉齿轮传动机构的固有频率"

重根数l 固有频率/Hz
N=3 N=4 N=5
1 0 0 0
877.91 833.47 795.21
2 205.41 2 231.39 2 234.65
3 216.55 3 275.18 3 286.47
3 948.10 3 803.59 3 754.51
13 443.61 14 418.16 15 269.65
14 404.22 15 644.83 16 845.14
18 208.75 18 208.90 18 209.29
N-1 7 348.40 7 348.40 7 348.40
10 489.92 10 489.92 10 489.92

图3

精梳机不同车速下内部激励频率与固有频率的关系"

表3

固有频率对转动惯量的灵敏度"

构件 灵敏度/(s-1·kg-1·m-2)
行星架h -41.412
太阳轮s -21 057.834
行星轮pi -171 958.096
行星轮qi -132 705.041
太阳轮a -38 813.131
齿轮b -70.356
齿轮c -16 521.474
齿轮d -160 289.909

图4

转动惯量对固有频率的影响"

图5

参数优化后传动机构内部激励频率与 固有频率的关系"

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