纺织学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 65-70.

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

丙烯酰胺与聚乙烯醇的固相接枝共聚

  

  • 收稿日期:2016-03-14 修回日期:2016-08-29 出版日期:2016-12-15 发布日期:2016-12-21

Solid-state graft copolymerization of polyacrylamide onto poly(vinyl alcohol)

  • Received:2016-03-14 Revised:2016-08-29 Online:2016-12-15 Published:2016-12-21

摘要:

为减少或避免溶液聚合溶剂后处理,研究了在固相条件下采用过硫酸铵 ∕ 亚硫酸氢钠的水溶性氧化还原体系作为引发剂,丙烯酰胺(AM)单体在聚乙烯醇(PVA)大分子链上的接枝共聚反应。利用FT-IR 红外光谱对其分子结构、表面官能团进行分析,通过X 射线衍射对接枝前后聚合物结晶度进行研究,运用差示扫描量热法测试其热力学性能,计算接枝参数,并对反应条件,如温度、时间、单体的加入量、引发剂的加入量等对接枝参数的影响进行了讨论。得到接枝率达61%的接枝共聚产物的反应条件:PVA 为50g;AM 为35g;接枝反应前在40 ℃下用少量水溶胀120min;接枝反应温度为40 ℃;引发剂(NH4O和NaHSO 3 的加入量分别为0.02g 和1.01g。

关键词: 固相反应, 接枝共聚, 聚乙烯醇, 丙烯酰胺, 氧化还原引发

Abstract:

In order to reduce or avoid the kisadvantages of solution polymerization, such as solvent post-treatment, acrylamide (AM) monomer was allowed to diffuse into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) powder, along with a small amount of water as a carrier, and a graft copolymerization was simultaneously accompanied by diffusion of the monomer and initiator solution. As the precondition of the solid-state reaction, PVA powder was swollen enough by water so as to obtain larger free volume in PVA matrix. Then graft copolymerization of polyacrylamide (PAM) onto PVA occurred in solid-state under the condition initiated by ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite redox system. The grafting ratio was found to be as high as 61% in the solid-state graft copolymerization at the condition of PVA 50g with AM 35g at a temperature of 40 °C for 120 min, initiated by 0.02g of (NH4)2S2O8 and 0.01g of NaHSO3. Before the reaction, the PVA powder was swelled at 40 °C for 120 min with small amount of water. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry were used for the analyses of the structure of the product, polyvinyl(alcohol)-graft-polyacrylamide (PVA-g-PAM). A plausible mechanism of grafting has been suggested. The influences of reaction factors such as temperature, reaction time, the amounts of acrylamide monomer and initiator were discussed, based on the grafting parameters including grafting ratio and grafting efficiency.

Key words: solid-state, graft copolymerization, polyvinvl alcohol, acrylamide, redox system initiation

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