纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (01): 167-174.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20191002508

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    下一篇

相变调温纺织品制备方法的研究进展

陈云博1, 朱翔宇1, 李祥1, 余弘2, 李卫东2, 徐红1, 隋晓锋1()   

  1. 1.东华大学 化学化工与生物工程学院, 上海 201620
    2.上海市质量监督检验技术研究院, 上海 200040
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-12 修回日期:2020-03-17 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2021-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 隋晓锋
  • 作者简介:陈云博(1991—),男,博士生。主要研究方向为智能调温纺织品。
  • 基金资助:
    中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2232018A3-04)

Recent advance in preparation of thermo-regulating textiles based on phase change materials

CHEN Yunbo1, ZHU Xiangyu1, LI Xiang1, YU Hong2, LI Weidong2, XU Hong1, SUI Xiaofeng1()   

  1. 1. College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research, Shanghai 200040, China
  • Received:2019-10-12 Revised:2020-03-17 Online:2021-01-15 Published:2021-01-21
  • Contact: SUI Xiaofeng

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摘要：

为明晰制备工艺对调温纺织品性能的影响,综述了相变调温纺织品的2种制备方法:即在中空纤维中填充相变材料或将相变材料加入纺丝液制备相变纤维,再经织造形成相变织物;或者通过直接填充、表面整理、表面接枝改性等直接复合方式获得相变织物。分析认为:中空纤维填充法对选用的纤维材料要求较高;直接填充法工艺简单、操作方便,但会使纺织品舒适性变差;微胶囊纺丝和微胶囊表面整理的方法已实现工业化,但所得纺织品的焓值较低;静电纺丝法不易实现大规模工业化;表面接枝法能够实现相变材料与纺织品的耐久性结合,但工艺复杂繁琐;最后对相变材料的调温纺织品未来的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 调温纺织品, 相变材料, 微胶囊, 制备方法, 直接填充法, 静电纺丝法

Abstract:

In order to clarify the effect of preparation process on the properties of temperature adjusted textiles, the paper reviewed recent reports dealing with preparation of thermo-regulating textiles using phase change materials (PCMs). Two strategies could be used to incorporate PCMs: they could be introduced either to filling hollow filaments or after the spinning stage, or to fabrics by direct filling, surface grafting, or coating of phase change microcapsules. Fabrication of phase-changing yarns via filling hollow filaments with PCMs is applicable only to a limited amount of fiber materials. Direct filling of woven fabrics is simple and convenient, yet at the cost of handle and comfortableness of the finished fabric. Spinning of or finishing with PCM microcapsules have been industrialized. However, the amount of PCMs incorporated tends to be low. The electrospinning method is not easy to be industrialized. The surface grafting method yielded textiles with good and durable temperature regulating properties, yet suffered from complicated processing. Finally, the future development of temperature regulating textiles with phase change materials is prospected.

Key words: thermo-regulating textiles, phase change material, microcapsules, preparation method, direct filling method, electrospinning method

中图分类号: 

  • TS195.6

表1

中空纤维填充法制备调温纤维"

相变材料 纤维材料 PCMs质量
分数/%		 熔融焓/
(J·g-1)		 参考
文献
LA 木棉纤维 — 165.60 [6]
LA 木棉纤维 82.70 146.80 [7]
PEG-600 粘胶纤维 — 42.60 —
PEG-3350 聚丙烯纤维 — 35.60 [8]
PEG-400 粘胶纤维 — 34.30 —
PEG-400 聚丙烯纤维 — 28.30 [9]
PG/NPG 聚酯纤维 24.00 — [10]
柔性石蜡 聚丙烯纤维 52.42 73.90 [11]
碳纳米管/聚丙烯纤维 79.53 107.60
赤藓糖醇 木棉纤维 87.42 298.50 [12]
甘露醇 92.54 297.80

表2

微胶囊纺丝法制备调温纤维"

壳材 芯材 微胶囊焓值/(J·g-1) 纤维 整理方法 纤维焓值/(J·g-1) 参考文献
MF 正十八烷 133.37 PBS纤维 熔融纺丝 5.76 [16]
MF 正十八烷 180.00 聚丙烯纤维 熔融纺丝 9.20 [17]
丙烯酸酯基共聚物 正十八烷 187.80 聚乙烯纤维 熔融纺丝 9.30 [18]
海藻酸钠纤维 湿法纺丝 124.10
正十八烷 145.00 AN/MA纤维 熔融纺丝 23.00 [19]
丙烯酸树脂 石蜡 — PVDF纤维 静电纺丝 23.66 [20]
SiO2 石蜡 — PVA纤维 湿法纺丝 45.39 [21]
聚酰胺 石蜡 — 聚丙烯腈纤维 湿法纺丝 60.10 [22]

表3

复合纺丝法制备调温纤维"

相变材料 纤维材料 焓值/ (J·g-1) 参考文献
脂肪酸酯和高级脂肪族醇 聚酰胺6 66.12 [23]
PEG 聚丙烯 20.10 [24]
正十九烷 聚丙烯 — [25]
正二十烷 24.00
正二十烷 聚丙烯 50.80 [26]
脂肪酸酯和高级脂肪族醇 聚乙烯 62.43 [27]

表4

静电纺丝法制备调温纤维"

相变材料 支撑材料 添加剂 PCM质量分数/% 熔融焓/(J·g-1) 熔融温度/℃ 参考文献
LA/PA PET Ag 49.50 70.03 36.59 [30]
石蜡 PAN Cs0.32WO3 54.30 60.31 35.37 [31]
正十八烷 SiO2/PVP — 45.00 114.00 27.00 [32]
LA PA6 CNTs 49.50 61.39 44.93 [33]
LA PET SiO2 40.76 62.90 46.00 [28]
LA PA6 — 60.00 74.12 44.71 [34]
PEG-1000 PAN CNTs 50.00 83.20 47.18 [35]
PEG-6000 PA66 — 56.52 85.42 59.76 [36]
PEG-1000 CAb — 50.00 86.03 58.47 [37]
CA/SA PET — 66.67 95.24 31.63 [38]
CA/MA/SA CAb — 83.30 101.80 21.90 [39]
CA/LA SiO2 — 82.00 90.40 22.70 [40]
CA/PA SiO2 — 84.20 108.60 28.10
PEG PVP 石墨烯 — 110.78 22.71 [41]
CA PA6 — 75.40 107.60 31.61 [42]
CA/PA PA6 — 81.90 113.20 25.41
PEG-2000 PVP — 68.00 116.20 59.73 [43]

表5

直接填充法制备调温纺织品"

相变材料 相变温度/℃ 其他装置 参考文献
大胶囊 — [45]
PCM 18 — [47]
PCM 21 —
PCM 28 —
微胶囊 — [46]
PCM 固体干燥剂 [48]
PCM 18 — [49]
PCM 微型风扇 [50]
大胶囊 — [51]
PCM 24 — [52]
PCM 28 —
PCM 10 — [53]
PCM 20 —
PCM 30 —

表6

表面整理法制备调温纺织品"

壳材 芯材 微胶囊焓值/(J·g-1) 织物 整理方法 织物焓值/(J·g-1) 参考文献
P(MMA-co-MAA) 正十八烷 70.60 棉 轧—烘—焙 — [54]
正二十烷 145.80 棉 轧—烘—焙 —
壳聚糖 正二十烷 120.50 棉 竭染法 — [55]
明胶/海藻酸钠/黏土 正二十烷 114.70 棉 轧—烘—焙 — [56]
P(MMA-AA-DVB) 正十八烷 234.00 棉 轧—烘—焙 — [57]
PS 石蜡 104.70 棉 涂层 7.60 [58]
PMMA Na2SO4·10H2O 127.00 棉 轧—烘—焙 12.30 [59]
PMMA 十二醇/月桂酸 118.00 棉 轧—烘—焙 20.18 [60]
聚丙烯酸丁酯 正十六烷 120.20 涤纶/棉 轧—烘—焙 28.59 [61]
MF 正十八烷 173.50 涤纶(针织物) 印花 36.50 [62]
涂层 23.40
轧—烘—焙 13.40
聚硅氧烷 正二十烷 146.90 聚酯织物 涂层 34.50 [63]

表7

表面接枝法制备的调温纺织品"

相变材料 方法 织物 熔融焓/
(J·g-1)		 参考
文献
PEG-10000 接枝 PET 112.02 [67]
PEG-1000 接枝 棉 33.80 [68]
PEG-1000 接枝 纤维素 92.70 [69]
PEG-2000 接枝 PVA纤维 56.25 [70]
PEG-8000 接枝 棉 56.00 [71]
正十六烷 接枝 棉 — [72]
乙基纤维素微胶囊 接枝 棉 — [73]
PEG-1500 接枝 聚乳酸纤维 43.02 [74]
PET纤维 38.96
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