纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (02): 135-141.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201008308

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

磁控溅射纳米膜与不同纺织基材的结合牢度

刘明雪1, 赵倩1, 王晓辉1, 刘琼溪2,3, 邵建中1()   

  1. 1.浙江理工大学 生态染整技术教育部工程研究中心, 浙江 杭州 310018
    2.广东欣丰科技有限公司, 广东 江门 529300
    3.北京纳米生色科技有限公司, 北京 100089
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-29 修回日期:2020-11-21 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2021-02-23
  • 通讯作者: 邵建中
  • 作者简介:刘明雪(1994—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为生态染整技术。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51773181)

Bonding fastness of magnetron sputtering nano-films with various textile substrates

LIU Mingxue1, ZHAO Qian1, WANG Xiaohui1, LIU Qiongxi2,3, SHAO Jianzhong1()   

  1. 1. Engineering Research Centre for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2. Guangdong Rising Well Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Jiangmen, Guangdong 529300, China
    3. Beijing Nano Color Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100089, China
  • Received:2020-10-29 Revised:2020-11-21 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-23
  • Contact: SHAO Jianzhong

摘要:

针对天然纤维基材上磁控溅射纳米膜易整层脱落问题,系统测试了不同纤维基材上磁控溅射结构生色膜的耐摩擦色牢度和耐皂洗色牢度,研究了样品的初始含水率和低温等离子体表面改性对磁控溅射膜与纤维基材结合牢度的影响,进而借助扫描电子显微镜并结合纤维材料的理化性能分析得出磁控溅射膜与各种纺织基材结合牢度不同的原因。结果表明:热塑性的涤纶存在软化点,磁控溅射高能粒子沉积到纤维表面时动能转化为热能,使涤纶局部达到软化点,粘结溅射粒子;棉和蚕丝没有软化点,纤维对磁控溅射粒子无熔融粘结作用,且棉和蚕丝具有高吸湿溶胀性,皂洗过程中水分子的侵入削弱纤维和纳米粒子间的作用力,致使磁控溅射膜易脱落。

关键词: 磁控溅射, 纺织基材, 结合牢度, 结构生色, 低温等离子体, 含水率, 物理生色

Abstract:

To address the problem that the magnetron sputtering nano-films on natural fiber substrates are prone to whole layer shedding, the rubbing fastness and soaping of the magnetron sputtering structural color films on different fiber substrates were systematically tested, and the effects of the initial moisture content and the low-temperature plasma surface modification on the bonding fastness of the magnetron sputtering films to the fiber substrates were investigated in detail. The underlying reasons for the different bonding fastness of the magnetron sputtering films to different fiber substrates were studied by means of scanning electron microscope analysis technique combined with the analysis on physical and chemical properties of different fiber materials. The results show that due to the softening point of the thermoplastic polyester fiber, the kinetic energy of the energetic magnetron sputtered particles is converted into thermal energy when they are deposited on the fiber surface, causing the polyester fibers to locally reach the softening point and bonding the sputtered particles. On the contrary, cotton and silk fibers have no softening point, so the fibers have no melt-bonding effect on the magnetron sputtering particles. In addition, as cotton and silk fibers have hygroscopic swelling properties, the intrusion of water molecules during the soaping process weakens the interaction force between the fibers and nanoparticles, causing the easy shedding of the magnetron sputtering nano-films.

Key words: magnetron sputtering, textile substrate, bonding fastness, structural coloration, low temperature plasma, moisture content, physical coloration

中图分类号: 

  • TS193.5

表1

不同磁控溅射薄膜结构生色织物的色牢度 级"

织物
基材
耐摩擦色牢度 耐皂洗
色牢度
干摩 湿摩
涤纶仿蚕丝a 5 4~5 3~4
涤纶仿蚕丝b 5 4~5 3~4
涤纶欧根纱a 5 4 3~4
涤纶欧根纱b 5 4~5 3~4
棉斜纹a 4~5 4 0
棉斜纹b 4 4 0
棉平纹a 4 4 0
棉平纹b 4 4 0
蚕丝斜纹绸a 4~5 4 0
蚕丝斜纹绸b 4 4 0
蚕丝缎纹a 4 4 0
蚕丝缎纹b 4 4 0

表2

初始含水率与纳米膜织物耐皂洗色牢度的关系 级"

织物
基材
初始含水率/%
0 10 30 50 70 90
涤纶 3~4 3~4 3~4 3~4 3~4 3~4
0 0 0 0 0 0
蚕丝 0 0 0 0 0 0

图1

初始含水率与磁控溅射本底真空时间关系"

表3

薄膜织物耐皂洗色牢度 级"

织物基材 未处理 氧等离子体处理
涤纶 3~4 4
0 0
蚕丝 0 0

图2

氧等离子体改性处理功率对磁控溅射薄膜织物的耐皂洗色牢度影响"

图3

涤纶、棉和蚕丝纤维的表面形貌图"

图4

磁控溅射纳米粒子的纤维表面形貌图"

图5

磁控溅射纳米膜织物皂洗后的纤维表面形貌图"

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