高收缩聚酯/聚酰胺6中空橘瓣型纺黏针刺非织造布的制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20230800601

纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 41-49.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20230800601

高收缩聚酯/聚酰胺6中空橘瓣型纺黏针刺非织造布的制备及其性能

许秋歌¹, 郭寻¹, 朵永超¹, 吴若楠¹, 钱晓明¹(), 宋兵², 符浩¹^,³, 赵宝宝⁴

1.天津工业大学纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
2.明新旭腾创新研究院有限公司, 江苏徐州 221436
3.上海华峰超纤材料股份有限公司, 上海 201508
4.安徽工程大学纺织服装学院, 安徽芜湖 241000

收稿日期:2023-08-02 修回日期:2024-08-19 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-31
通讯作者: 钱晓明(1964—),男,教授,博士。主要研究方向为新型非织造材料制备技术、服装功能与舒适性。E-mail:qxm@tiangong.edu.cn。
作者简介:许秋歌(1998—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为新型非织造材料制备技术。
基金资助:
天津市研究生研究创新项目(2021YJSB236);天津市科技计划项目(17PTSYJC00150);安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(2208085QE139)

Preparation and performance of high shrinkage polyester/polyamide 6 hollow pie-segmented spunbond needle-punching nonwovens

XU Qiuge¹, GUO Xun¹, DUO Yongchao¹, WU Ruonan¹, QIAN Xiaoming¹(), SONG Bing², FU Hao¹^,³, ZHAO Baobao⁴

1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2. Mingxinxuteng Institute of Innovation Co., Ltd., Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221436, China
3. Shanghai Huafeng Microfiber Material Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201508, China
4. School of Textile and Garment, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China

Received:2023-08-02 Revised:2024-08-19 Published:2024-12-15 Online:2024-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决高收缩聚酯(HSPET)/聚酰胺6(PA6)中空橘瓣型双组分纺黏长丝铺网针刺后存在纤维开纤裂离效果差的问题,对HSPET/PA6针刺布采用干热处理、水热处理、超声波处理和转鼓机洗处理4种物理开纤方式进行分析,并研究了转鼓机洗处理温度和时间对HSPET/PA6针刺布性能的影响。结果表明:HSPET/PA6针刺布的开纤率为18.9%,干热处理后的HSPET/PA6针刺布开纤率并未改变;经水热处理、超声波处理及转鼓机洗处理后的HSPET/PA6针刺布开纤率分别为24.0%、32.6%、75.5%,转鼓机洗能有效提高HSPET/PA6针刺布的开纤率;在最佳转鼓机洗处理温度60 ℃下,随着转鼓机洗处理时间的延长,开纤率逐渐提高,HSPET/PA6针刺布的柔软度及力学性能随着开纤率的提高逐渐得到改善,而HSPET/PA6针刺布的透气透湿性能逐渐下降。

关键词: 中空橘瓣型纤维, 双组分纺黏工艺, 针刺非织造布, 超细纤维, 开纤率, 涤纶, 聚酰胺

Abstract:

Objective In making nonwoven fabrics, the needling process can not make the two-component fibers split into ultrafine fibers. Because of this, the splitting effect of high shrinkage polyester (HSPET)/polyamide 6 (PA6) hollow pie-segmented two-component spunbonded needle-punching nonwovens (hereinafter referred to as the HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens) is poor, resulting in the HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens can not give full play to offer the expected performance. It is necessary to identify ways of splitting the fibers in HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens, and to prepare hollow pie-segmented spunbond needle-punching nonwovens with high fiber splitting rates and excellent performance.

Method The two-component spunbonded process was used to prepare HSPET/PA6 hollow pie-segmented spunbonded filaments, and HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens were formed by mesh lay-up and needle-punching reinforcement. The fiber splitting rates of nonwovens prepared by four different physical fiber splitting processes were compared to find out the optimal process. The softness, mechanical properties as well as air and moisture permeability of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens were tested to analyze the effect of the optimal fiber splitting process on the properties of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens.

Results It was found that the fiber splitting rate of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens was 18.9%, and dry heat treatment to the nowovens did not help the fiber splitting rate. However, the fiber splitting rate of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens after hydrothermal treatment, ultrasonic treatment and rotary drum machine washing treatment were found to be 24.0%, 32.6% and 75.5%, respectively. This indicates that the rotary drum washing can effectively improve the split rate of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens, so that the two-component fibers split into ultrafine fibers. Subsequently, the changes in the properties of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens before and after the fiber splitting treatment were investigated using the rotary drum machine washing treatment process. The fiber splitting rates of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens were 57.4%, 75.5% and 80.6% when the rotary drum washing treatment temperatures were ambient, 60 ℃ and 90 ℃, respectively. Considering the fiber splitting rate, production cost and environmental protection, 60 ℃ was selected as the appropriate treatment temperature for rotary drum machine washing. The effect of rotary drum washing treatment times on the performance of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens was analyzed at the optimal rotary drum washing treatment temperature of 60 ℃. It was also found that the fiber splitting rate of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens was gradually increased with the increase of rotary drum washing treatment time. The softness and mechanical properties of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens was improved with the increase of the fiber splitting rate. However, along with the increase in the split fiber rate, the flexural aperture of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens became smaller, resulting in a gradual decrease in the air permeability and moisture permeability of HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens.

Conclusion The rotary drum washing process works well in splitting of two-component fibers during the needle punching process, and the process is simple and pollution-free without damaging the fibers. The rotary drum washing process provides a new direction for the splitting of pie-segmented two-component fibers and the preparation of nonwovens with a high fiber splitting rate. The needling process endows HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens a three-dimensional mesh structure, and the rotary drum washing treatment splits the two-component fibers into ultrafine fibers. The combination of the two processes gives HSPET/PA6 needle-punching nonwovens structural characteristics similar to those of natural leather, and provides the possibility that pie-segmented two-component spunbonded nonwovens can be widely used in the field of microfiber leather as a microfiber synthetic leather-based nonwovens.

Key words: hollow pie-segmented fiber, two-component spunbond process, needle-punching nonwoven, microfiber, fiber splitting rate, polyester, polyamide 6

中图分类号:

TS174.8

许秋歌, 郭寻, 朵永超, 吴若楠, 钱晓明, 宋兵, 符浩, 赵宝宝. 高收缩聚酯/聚酰胺6中空橘瓣型纺黏针刺非织造布的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(12): 41-49.

XU Qiuge, GUO Xun, DUO Yongchao, WU Ruonan, QIAN Xiaoming, SONG Bing, FU Hao, ZHAO Baobao. Preparation and performance of high shrinkage polyester/polyamide 6 hollow pie-segmented spunbond needle-punching nonwovens[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(12): 41-49.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20230800601

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I12/41

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转鼓机洗处理时间/min	柔软度/ mm	抗弯刚度/(mN·cm)
转鼓机洗处理时间/min	柔软度/ mm	纵向	横向
0	4.470	33.864	13.013
30	6.589	3.471	2.904
60	6.796	3.123	2.509
90	6.884	1.670	1.648
120	7.173	0.447	0.385

转鼓机洗处理时间/min	断裂强力/N		断裂伸长率/%		撕裂强力/N
转鼓机洗处理时间/min	纵向	横向	纵向	横向	纵向	横向
0	624.330	562.000	57.780	59.630	68.856	80.380
30	706.041	631.505	75.676	63.499	76.237	78.722
60	706.709	638.848	82.342	75.968	80.671	82.828
90	733.351	642.594	69.250	63.179	84.390	85.020
120	739.067	689.336	62.418	75.508	90.415	92.368

高收缩聚酯/聚酰胺6中空橘瓣型纺黏针刺非织造布的制备及其性能

Preparation and performance of high shrinkage polyester/polyamide 6 hollow pie-segmented spunbond needle-punching nonwovens

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