苎麻精梳成网及精梳条的周期性不匀机制

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20250707101

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对苎麻精梳机输出精梳网及精梳条周期性不匀的问题,系统探究喂给长度、拔取隔距等工艺参数对苎麻纤维须丛质量分布的影响。建立纤维须丛搭接成网数学模型,采用MatLab构建精梳苎麻纤维网质量分布曲线并计算其不匀特征;结合各工艺参数下得到的纤维须丛质量分布,分析有效输出长度对苎麻纤维网条干不匀率的影响规律,同时探讨精梳条周期性不匀与出条罗拉速度及精梳机速度的内在联系。结果表明:有效输出长度为6.7 cm时,7.8 mm喂给长度与49 mm拔取隔距组合可使苎麻纤维网条干不匀率最低;苎麻纤维网条干不匀率受纤维须丛质量分布及有效输出长度的共同作用,有效输出长度约为纤维须丛长度的三分之一时,苎麻纤维网均匀度维持在较优水平;理论推导与实验验证均证实(最大相对误差≤0.6%),精梳条不匀的周期性波长等于出条罗拉速度与精梳机速度之比。本研究结果可为预测和调控苎麻精梳条周期性不匀提供理论参考。

关键词: 精梳工艺, 苎麻精梳条, 周期性不匀, 纤维须丛, 有效输出长度, 喂给长度, 拔取隔距

Abstract:

Objective Combing is a key process in the ramie spinning system. However, the periodic unevenness in the combed web and sliver output by ramie combers not only severely restricts end product quality but also leads to an increase in the number of subsequent drawing passages, hindering improvements in production efficiency and cost control. Systematic research on this issue is of great significance for optimizing the combing process, realizing the integration of combing and drawing, and promoting the ramie spinning system towards higher production efficiency, better product quality, and lower cost.

Method The influence of process parameters, such as feed length and drafting gauge, on the weight distribution of fiber clusters were explored. A mathematical model for fiber clusters lapping into a web was constructed, and MatLab software was used to simulate and generate weight distribution curves as well as calculate unevenness characteristic, so as to conduct in-depth analysis on the correlation between effective output length and web uniformity. The method combining theoretical derivation and actual testing was adopted to verify the periodic wavelength characteristics of combed sliver unevenness.

Results Under the process condition where the effective output length of the comber was 6.7 cm, the study found that the feed length and drafting gauge have a significant impact on the weight distribution of fiber clusters and the uniformity of the web. Increasing the drafting gauge led to reduction of the length of fiber clusters and caused the overall weight distribution shifting toward the front end of the clusters, and increasing the feed length, on the other hand, resulted in length increase of fiber clusters, with weight distribution also shifting toward the front end. Further research indicated that when the feed length was fixed, increasing the drafting gauge would significantly improve the uniformity of the web, and similarly, with a fixed drafting gauge, increasing the feed length would also help to enhance the uniformity of the web. In particular, using a combination of 7.8 mm feed length and 49 mm drafting gauge was found effective to minimize the unevenness of the web.

It was also found in the study that the unevenness of the web was jointly affected by the weight distribution of fiber clusters and the effective output length. There were significant differences in the uniformity of the combed web under different effective output lengths. When the effective output length was approximately one-third of the length of the fiber clusters, the uniformity of the web remained at a relatively optimal level. However, it was necessary to combine the coordinated adjustment of the feed length and the drafting gauge to approach the theoretical optimal uniformity. In addition, both theoretical derivation and experimental verification confirmed that the periodic wavelength of the combed sliver unevenness was equal to the ratio of the delivery roller speed to the comber speed, with a maximum deviation of less than 0.6%. The above results clearly indicate the correlation characteristics between various process parameters and the unevenness of the web, as well as the internal connections and influence laws of periodic unevenness.

Conclusion This study clarifies the influence mechanism of combing process parameters, such as feed length and drafting gauge, on the weight distribution of fiber clusters and the unevenness of combed web, reveals the quantitative correlation between effective output length and the unevenness of combed web, and meanwhile elaborates the relationship between the periodic wavelength of combed sliver unevenness and the delivery roller speed as well as the comber speed. The research results provide reliable theoretical support for the accurate prediction and efficient regulation of the unevenness of combed web and combed sliver.

Key words: combing process, ramie combed sliver, periodic unevenness, fiber cluster, effective output length, feed length, drafting gauge

中图分类号:

TS124.1

蒋嘉豪, 曹巧丽, 周宇阳, 郁崇文. 苎麻精梳成网及精梳条的周期性不匀机制[J]. 纺织学报, 2026, 47(04): 88-95.

JIANG Jiahao, CAO Qiaoli, ZHOU Yuyang, YU Chongwen. Unevenness and periodicity of ramie combed sliver[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2026, 47(04): 88-95.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20250707101

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V47/I04/88

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L_F/ mm	L_B/ mm	峰值离头端距离/cm	0~8 cm质量占比/%	纤维须丛长度/cm
7.0	45	8	44.92	25
	47	8	53.38	24
	49	8	53.57	24
7.8	45	8	46.60	26
	47	7	56.85	25
	49	7	59.25	25

L_F/ mm	L_B/ mm	质量占比/%				CV值/ %
L_F/ mm	L_B/ mm	最小值	最大值	平均值	标准差	CV值/ %
7.0	45	13.712	16.297	14.297	0.8476	5.68
	47	13.842	16.118	14.913	0.838 7	5.62
	49	14.077	15.597	14.914	0.537 5	3.60
7.8	45	13.651	16.013	14.916	0.7814	5.24
	47	14.145	15.659	14.915	0.484 5	3.25
	49	14.414	15.287	14.917	0.269 1	1.80

精梳工序	r/ (钳次· min^-1)	v/ (cm· min^-1)	理论周期性波长 λ₁/cm	实测周期性波长 λ₂/cm	相对误差/%
第1道精梳 (工厂1)	99	830	8.383	8.333	0.600
第2道精梳 (工厂1)	101	880	8.713	8.696	0.195
第1道精梳 (工厂2)	98	832	8.511	8.490	0.247
第2道精梳 (工厂2)	86	705	8.198	8.163	0.429