含氟聚氨酯/聚氨酯纳米纤维膜复合织物的制备及其防水透湿性能

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为获得良好防水性能且保持服装穿着的舒适性，通过构建具有低表面能和粗糙表面于一体的含氟聚氨酯/聚氨酯纳米纤维膜，以涤/棉斜纹机织物作为静电纺丝接收基布，制备了一种新型防水透湿织物。探讨了含氟聚氨酯疏水剂的质量分数对纳米纤维结构及复合织物的防水透湿和力学性能的影响。结果表明，当含氟聚氨酯疏水剂质量分数为100%时，复合织物性能最佳，其静态接触角为141°，透湿率达到3 958 g/（m² • 24 h），，沾水等级为5 级透气率达到34.06 mm/s。力学性能测试结果表明，复合织物的力学性能随疏水剂质量分数的提高而逐渐增强，当 FPU 质量分数为1.00% 时，顶破强力、撕裂强力和拉伸强力分别增加了5.93%、30.79%和5.48%。

关键词: 防水透湿, 静电纺丝, 复合织物, 含氟聚氨酯/聚氨酯纳米纤维膜

Abstract:

In order to obtain a high waterproofness clothing with good permeability, the paper reported a novel waterproof and water permeable fabric, the electrospun nanofibrous membranes was prepared by electrospinning, which possessed low surface free energy and rough surface, and then a polyester-cotton woven fabric with twill was used as a substrate for the nanofibrous membranes. The effects of concentration of fouorinated polyurethane (FPU) on morphological structure of nanofibers, water proof, vapor permission and mechanical properties of the electrospun nanofibrous membranes composite fabrics were studied. The results indicated that the optimum concentration of FPU for the electrospun nanofibrous membranes composite fabrics were 1.00%, meantime, the composite fabrics were endowed with the water contact angle of 141 °, the water vapor transmission rate achieves to 3 958 g/(m² • 24 h）, and the spray grade can reach up to 5 , whilst the air permeability amount to 34.06 mm/s. The mechanical properties test showed that the mechanical properties gradually increased with the increase of FPU amount, when the concentration of FPU is 1.00%, and the value of bursting strength, tearing strength and tensile strength were enhanced by about 5.93%，30.79% and 5.48%, respectively.

Key words: waterproof and water permeable, electrospinning, composite fabric, fluorinated polyruethane/polyurethane nanofiber membrane

李智勇周惠敏夏鑫. 含氟聚氨酯/聚氨酯纳米纤维膜复合织物的制备及其防水透湿性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2016, 37(10): 83-88.

参考文献

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