碳纳米纤维结构设计及其对水污染物吸附机制的研究进展

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20191001110

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to better understand the applications of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) in sewage disposal and to realize the well-directed design of CNFs adsorbents with high adsorption performance, this paper comprehensively reviewed the structure design, preparation methods and functionalization strategies for CNFs prepared by electrospinning, chemical vapor deposition, template synthesis and other green methods, with adsorption mechanisms highlighted. In addition, a thorough comparison of adsorption performances toward heavy metal ions, cationic dyes and organic pollutants were listed. The advantages and disadvantages of CNFs prepared by different methods were compared based on their preparation efficiency, structures, adsorption and recycling performances. The extensive applications of CNFs adsorbents were elaborated, especially in the field of electric desalting and ion determination. Key research and development directions of CNFs absorbents for the future were concluded including industrialized and low cost preparation, adsorption toward various varieties of pollutants, improvement of mechanical properties, electric facilitated adsorption, recycling use and more extensive applications.

Key words: carbon nanofiber, sewage pollutants, adsorption performance, industrial production, sewage treatment

CLC Number:

TQ028.2

FANG Zhou, SONG Leilei, SUN Baojin, LI Wenxiao, ZHANG Chao, YAN Jun, CHEN Lei. Research progress in structure design of carbon nanofibers and their adsorption mechanism and applications toward sewage pollutants[J].Journal of Textile Research, 2020, 41(08): 135-144.

Figures/Tables 4

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Tab.1

References 66

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吸附剂	制备方法	目标污染物	吸附时间/ min	pH值	初始质量浓度/ (mg·L^-1)	最大吸附量/ (mg·g^-1)	参考文献
CNFs	静电纺	亚甲基蓝	60	10	25~250	72.46	[9]
CNFs	静电纺	环丙沙星	240	6	3.0	10.36	[11]
CNFs	静电纺	苯酚	2 880	—	300	251.6	[54]
多孔CNFs	静电纺	硅油	—	—	—	138.4	[31]
多孔CNFs	静电纺	Pb(Ⅱ)	1	中性	0.01~10	7.1	[55]
多孔CNFs	静电纺	亚甲基蓝	20	3		567	[56]
CNFs/CNTs	静电纺	Cr(Ⅵ)	400	3	60	76.62	[16]
CNFs/ZrO₂	静电纺	Sb(Ⅲ)	720	7±0.2	500	53	[25]
		Sb(Ⅴ)	720	7±0.2	500	43
CNFs-CNTs	静电纺/CVD	Cr(Ⅵ)	120	3	60	235	[27]
碳纤维/CNFs	CVD	As(Ⅴ)	300	6.5	—	14	[38]
碳微珠/CNFs	CVD	Cr(Ⅵ)	—	—	10~150	41	[34]
活性碳纤维-CNFs	CVD	Pb(Ⅱ)	—	—	50	40	[39]
		苯酚	—	—	80	275
活性炭-CNFs	CVD	Pb(Ⅱ)	60	5.5	250	77	[40-41]
石墨毡-CNFs	CVD	Pb(Ⅱ)	1 440	5	400	113	[37]
		刚果红	1 440	5	400	162.2
高岭土-CNFs	CVD	Pb(Ⅱ)	480	—	250	211	[44]
N掺杂活性炭-CNFs	CVD	Cd(Ⅱ)	720	—	—	161±5	[42]
		Pb(Ⅱ)	1 440	—	—	88±53
硅酸盐-CNFs	模板法	炔雌醇	240	—	—	47~60	[47]
模板法CNFs	模板法	亚甲基蓝 Pb(Ⅱ)	240 240	7 6	700 225	~720 ~400	[43]
		Cr(Ⅵ)	240	2	500	~175
细菌纤维素多孔CNFs	绿色法	Sr(Ⅱ)	~120	4.5	—	58.72	[45]
石墨烯/CNFs	其他方法	CCl₄	—	—	—	598	[32]
CNTs-Fe₂O₃	其他方法	苯酚	150	7	2	2.778	[29]

Research progress in structure design of carbon nanofibers and their adsorption mechanism and applications toward sewage pollutants

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