Journal of Textile Research ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (01): 119-128.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20211203910

• Textile Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Influence of interfacial layers on fracture toughness of three-dimensional woven angle interlock SiCf/SiC composites

DUAN Yadi1, XIE Weijie2, QIU Haipeng2, WANG Xiaomeng2, WANG Ling2, ZHANG Diantang1(), QIAN Kun1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles (Jiangnan University), Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
    2. Aerospace Composites Technology Center, Beijing 101300, China
  • Received:2021-12-10 Revised:2022-10-09 Online:2023-01-15 Published:2023-02-16

Abstract:

Objective Three-dimensional woven angle interlock SiCf/SiC composites have the advantages of high temperature resistance, low density and long service life, and are an ideal candidate material for thermal aviation terminal components. At present, the research of SiCf/SiC composites mainly focuses on the first- and second-generation SiC fibers, but few studies on the mechanical properties of the third generation SiC fibers and their three-dimensional woven angle interlocking composites were reported.
Method In order to explore the influence of interfacial layer on fracture toughness of SiCf/SiC composites, the third generation SiC fibers made in China was selected. Three-dimensional woven angle interlock SiCf/SiC composites with four interface phases including pyrolytic carbon (PyC), pyrolytic carbon/silicon carbide (PyC/SiC), boron nitride (BN) and boron nitride/silicon carbide (BN/SiC) were prepared by the precursor infiltration pyrolysis processes, chemical vapor deposition process and chemical vapor infiltration process. On this basis, combined with acoustic emission technology, the normal temperature fracture toughness test was carried out, and the microscopic damage mode was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy.
Results All samples showed the characteristic of "pseudo-plastic fracture" (Fig.8). The fracture strengths of P-SiCf/SiC, P/S-SiCf/SiC,B-SiCf/SiC and B/S-SiCf/SiC are 193.36, 233.97, 89.43 and 218.49 MPa, respectively, and the modulus thereof are 33.86, 33.36, 32.03 GPa and 31.37 GPa, respectively (Fig.9). It was found that the samples with PyC as the main interfacial layer offer good fracture toughness, and the fracture toughness of P-SiCf/SiC and P/S-SiCf/SiC are 13.99 and 16.93 MPa·m1/2, respectively (Fig.10). On the other hand, the B-SiCf/SiC samples show strong interfacial bonding, with the lowest fracture toughness of 6.47 MPa·m1/2. However, the fracture toughness of B/S-SiCf/SiC samples is significantly increased to 15.81 MPa·m1/2 when the SiC layer is introduced into the interface. The results show that the interfacial layer in the SiCf/SiC composites has a strong influence on the fracture strength and fracture toughness, but has no great influence on their initial modulus, which mainly depends on the fiber structure and the stiffness of the matrix. In the microscopic damage morphology of SiCf/SiC composites, the meso-damage of the four samples all involve the matrix fracture, the interface damage, the debonding between fiber and matrix, the fiber fracture and the fiber pulling-out (Fig.11, Fig.12). However, the types of main body damage are obviously different, the sample with composite interface layer produces more AE events before the fiber failure due to the blocking effect of SiC layer on the crack (Fig.13).
Conclusion It can be concluded from the research that the introduction of SiC layer enhances the energy dissipation mechanism of the interface and prevents the crack propagation in the matrix, the cracks in PyC layer and BN layer can be deflected effectively, and the mechanical properties of SiCf/SiC composite are improved. In addition, acoustic emission (AE) event energy values and numbers of impact can completely describe the real-time damage process of SiCf/SiC composites. Several problems should be further investigated in the study of the properties of three-dimensional woven angle interlock SiCf/SiC composites. Firstly, it is difficult to distinguish SiCf/SiC composites due to their relatively complex microscopic composition and the close density of fiber and matrix. How to monitor the more detailed real-time damage process of materials in the bearing process by means of advanced characterization techniques is a focus of future research. In addition to the experimental testing, it is necessary to develop a high-fidelity numerical simulation method for three-dimensional woven angle interlock SiCf/SiC composites, establish a more accurate meso-structural model to achieve progressive damage analysis and reveal the failure mechanism.

Key words: SiCf/SiC composite, three-dimensional woven angle interlock, interface layer, fracture toughness, acoustic emission

CLC Number: 

  • TB332

Fig.1

Microscopic morphology of SiC fiber. (a) Micro image; (b) Element analysis"

Fig.2

Three-dimensional woven angle interlock preform structure"

Tab.1

Density and porosity of three-dimensional woven angle interlock SiCf/SiC composites"

试样 密度/(g·cm-3) 孔隙率/%
P-SiCf/SiC 2.80 4.74
P/S-SiCf/SiC 2.64 5.02
B-SiCf/SiC 2.80 4.88
B/S-SiCf/SiC 2.62 5.15

Fig.3

Fracture toughness test of three-dimensional woven SiCf/SiC composites"

Fig.4

Test pieces of three-dimensional woven angle interlock SiCf/SiC composites"

Fig.5

XRD pattern of SiC fiber"

Fig.6

XRD patterns of interfacial layers"

Fig.7

Fiber surface after interface preparation"

Tab.2

Preparation parameters of interfacial layers"

试样 第1界面层 第2界面层
界面类型 厚度/nm 界面类型 厚度/nm
P-SiCf/SiC PyC 188±14
P/S-SiCf/SiC PyC 188±14 SiC 1 504±22
B-SiCf/SiC BN 634±20
B/S-SiCf/SiC BN 634±20 SiC 1 504±22

Fig.8

Load-deflection curves of SiCf/SiC composites"

Fig.9

Mechanical properties of SiCf/SiC composites"

Fig.10

Fracture toughness of SiCf/SiC composites"

Fig.11

Damage morphologies of SiCf/SiC composites"

Fig.12

Mechanism of interfacial crack propagation in SiCf/SiC composites"

Fig.13

Load-time and AE signals-time curves of SiCf/SiC composites"

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