Abstract: Luminescence properties of luminous fiber largely depends on properties of luminescent materials. Therefore, to improve the luminescence performance of luminous fiber, it is necessary to study luminescence properties of luminescent materials. According to the luminous fiber’s requirements for luminescent materials, the particle size, spectral and afterglow properties were studied and analyzed. The results showed that: The phosphor which particle size was 7-8 μm had better afterglow performance, and consistent with the requirements of the luminous fiber. That was the first choice for luminescent materials. The light color of luminous fiber prepared by SrAl2O4:Eu2 +, Dy3 + was yellow-green ,and the change of Eu2 +, Dy3 + content did not lead to blue shift or red shift. To get other light color luminous fiber, types of rare-earth ions must be changed; The H3BO3 content and sintering temperature on the luminescence properties were not independent. They have a certain relevance with each other.