基于纳滤技术的质检萃取液脱色预处理方法

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180904807

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高纺织品及皮革甲醛检测效率和准确性,通过界面聚合法,将采用St?ber方法制备的无机颗粒与聚酰胺复合制备有机-无机杂化纳滤膜,用于纺织品和皮革萃取液脱色预处理。分别采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪和接触角仪,对颗粒形貌、纳滤膜表面元素及分离层接触角进行分析;通过纯水通量、无机盐和染料截留等对纳滤膜分离性能进行考察;并分析了纳滤脱色预处理法纺织品和皮革甲醛检测的加标回收率。结果表明:粒径分布均匀的球形二氧化硅及银离子修饰的二氧化硅颗粒成功地负载于亲水性良好的纳滤膜分离层;适量颗粒的添加有利于提高纳滤膜的纯水通量;银离子修饰的二氧化硅颗粒改善了纳滤膜对二价阳离子盐及阳离子染料的截留性能,回收率满足纺织品和皮革甲醛检测的要求。

关键词: 深色纺织品, 皮革, 甲醛检测, 脱色预处理, 纳滤, 二氧化硅

Abstract:

In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of formaldehyde detection of textiles and leathers, based on the interfacial polymerization, polyamide and inorganic particles prepared by St?ber method was adopted to prepare organic-inorganic hybrid nanofiltration membranes for the decolorization pretreatment of textiles and leathers extract. The particle morphology, surface elements of nanofiltration membranes and contact angle of separation layer were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry and contact angle metering, respectively. The separation performance of nanofiltration membranes was investigated by pure water flux, inorganic salt and dye retention. The recoveries of formaldehyde detection in textiles and leathers by nanofiltration decoloring pretreatment were also analyzed. Results show that the silicon and silver ion modified silica with uniform particle size are successfully loaded on the nanofiltration membrane separation layer, and the separation layer has good hydrophilicity. The pure water flux of the nanofiltration membrane is improved by virtue of the addition of a moderate amount of particles. The silver ion modified silica improves the entrapment performance of nanofiltration membrane for salt with bivalent cation and cationic dye, and the recoveries meet the requirements of formaldehyde detection of textiles and leathers.

Key words: dark textile, leather, formaldehyde detection, decolorization pretreatment, nanofiltration, silica dioxide

中图分类号:

TS101.914

韩健健, 胡勇杰, 胡敏专. 基于纳滤技术的质检萃取液脱色预处理方法[J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40(09): 136-142.

HAN Jianjian, HU Yongjie, HU Minzhuan. Decolorization pretreatment method of quality inspection extraction solution based on nanofiltration technology[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2019, 40(09): 136-142.

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染料名称	类型	分子式	摩尔质量/ (g·mol^-1)	最大吸收波长/ nm
日落黄	阴离子型	C₁₆H₁₀N₂Na₂O₇S₂	452.4	482
酸性红B	阴离子型	C₂₀H₁₂N₂Na₂O₇S₂	502.4	510
阳离子红X-GTL	阳离子型	C₂₀H₁₈ClN₅O₆S	502.0	530
罗丹明B	阳离子型	C₂₈H₃₁ClN₂O₃	479.0	560

无机盐种类	通量J/(L·m^-2·h^-1)			截留率R/%
无机盐种类	PA膜	S-PA膜	SA-PA膜	PA膜	S-PA膜	SA-PA膜
NaCl	10.85	13.06	13.25	38.3	40.6	52.5
MgCl₂	10.78	12.83	12.78	50.3	57.5	92.6
Na₂SO₄	10.75	12.81	12.98	46.2	48.7	70.2
MgSO₄	10.66	12.57	12.63	65.3	69.6	90.3

染料名称	染料质量浓度/ (mg·kg^-1)	通量J/(L·m^-2·h^-1)			截留率R/%
染料名称	染料质量浓度/ (mg·kg^-1)	PA膜	S-PA膜	SA-PA膜	PA膜	S-PA膜	SA-PA膜
	50	10.91	13.04	13.28	96.1	96.9	96.0
日落黄	100	10.85	13.06	13.25	96.9	97.2	96.1
	500	10.79	12.97	13.06	97.8	98.1	97.2
	50	10.75	12.85	12.74	97.9	98.4	97.1
酸性红B	100	10.78	12.83	12.78	98.3	98.6	97.5
	500	10.73	12.77	12.72	98.8	99.1	97.8
	50	10.78	12.81	12.95	98.0	97.9	99.5
阳离子红X-GTL	100	10.75	12.81	12.98	98.1	98.3	99.8
	500	10.77	12.78	12.93	98.3	98.5	99.8
	50	10.67	12.59	12.68	97.0	97.3	99.0
罗丹明B	100	10.66	12.57	12.63	97.2	97.9	99.3
	500	10.68	12.55	12.60	97.5	98.1	99.6

预处理用膜	加标量/ (mg·kg^-1)	回收率/%
预处理用膜	加标量/ (mg·kg^-1)	50 mg/L	100 mg/L	500 mg/L
	20	99.5	99.1	100.2
PA膜	75	100.5	102.5	98.7
	300	99.3	98.8	102.1
	20	100.2	104.9	99.8
S-PA膜	75	99.7	98.6	101.2
	300	102.1	101.1	99.5
	20	98.7	95.7	101.6
SA-PA膜	75	101.3	100.0	99.4
	300	98.9	99.6	102.3