抗起毛起球聚酯纤维的制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20250900701

纺织学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (04): 1-8.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20250900701

• 纤维材料 • 下一篇

抗起毛起球聚酯纤维的制备及其性能

郭成志¹^,², 李众³, 刘永胜³, 乔小兰¹^,²(), 朱美芳¹^,²

¹ 东华大学先进纤维材料全国重点实验室, 上海 201620
² 东华大学材料科学与工程学院, 上海 201620
³ 江苏欣战江纤维科技股份有限公司, 江苏常州 213127

收稿日期:2025-09-02 修回日期:2026-02-24 出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-06-24
通讯作者: 乔小兰(1983—),女,副研究员,博士。主要研究方向为高性能/高功能纤维材料。E-mail:xlqiao@dhu.edu.cn。
作者简介:郭成志(1998—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为纤维材料改性。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(22575044);国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U23B2079)

Preparation and properties of anti-pilling polyester fibers

GUO Chengzhi¹^,², LI Zhong³, LIU Yongsheng³, QIAO Xiaolan¹^,²(), ZHU Meifang¹^,²

¹ State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
² College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
³ Jiangsu Xinzhanjiang Fiber Technology Co., Ltd., Changzhou, Jiangsu 213127, China

Received:2025-09-02 Revised:2026-02-24 Published:2026-04-15 Online:2026-06-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)纤维的抗起毛起球性能,改善其织物的外观质量,将硅酮粉与PET共混,通过双螺杆挤出机制备了硅酮粉改性PET母粒,并进一步通过熔融纺丝工艺制备了不同硅酮粉质量分数的改性PET纤维。采用安东帕高温旋转流变仪和熔融指数测试仪考察了改性前后PET母粒的流变性能与加工性能;利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、电子万能材料试验机、马丁代尔织物起毛起球仪及纤维摩擦因数测试仪,对改性前后PET母粒、纤维及织物的结构、力学性能、抗起毛起球性能和表面摩擦特性进行了系统表征。结果表明:硅酮粉在PET母粒中分布均匀,对PET纤维的微观形貌和化学结构未产生明显影响;当硅酮粉质量分数为1.00%时,改性PET纤维的断裂强度仍保持在2.37 cN/dtex;改性PET织物的抗起毛起球性能随硅酮粉质量分数的增加呈现先上升后下降再上升的趋势,在硅酮粉质量分数为1.00%时,抗起毛起球等级达到4级,较纯PET织物提高1~2级;此外,改性PET纤维的摩擦因数明显低于纯PET纤维,表明硅酮粉的引入有助于改善纤维的表面润滑性。

关键词: 硅酮粉, 熔融混合, 母粒, 改性PET纤维, 抗起毛起球性能

Abstract:

Objective To maintain the appearance quality during service, this work aims to improve the pilling resistance of polyester (PET) fibers and further expand the application potential of PET fibers while promoting the textile industry toward a green, low-carbon, and sustainable development direction.

Method Silicone powder and PET were melt-blended and extruded using a twin-screw extruder to prepare silicone-modified PET masterbatch. The modified PET fibers with varying silicone content were then prepared using a melt-spinning system. The rheology and melt flow rate of the modified and unmodified PET masterbatch, as well as the microstructure, chemical structure, breaking strength, pilling resistance, static and dynamic friction coefficients of the fiber samples, were thoroughly measured and discussed.

Results The results showed that silicone powder was substantially uniformly distributed in the PET masterbatch without significant aggregation. Due to the excellent lubricating properties of the silicone powder and its uniform distribution in the PET matrix, the introduction of silicone powder improved the rheology and melt flow rate of the PET masterbatch, enhancing its processability. The addition of silicone powder did not affect the microstructure and chemical structure of the final modified PET fibers. Although the mechanical properties of the modified PET fibers slightly decreased when increasing of silicone powder content, the breaking strength of the 1.00% silicone powder-modified PET fibers was still 2.37 cN/dtex, which was less than one-fifth lower than that of pure PET fibers. With the increase of silicone powder content, the pilling resistance of modified PET fabrics showed a trend of increasing first, then decreasing, and further increasing. This was due to the synergistic effect of the lubricating function of the silicone powder and the mechanical properties of the modified PET fibers. When the silicone powder content was very low (0.25%), the mechanical properties of the modified PET fibers were nearly unchanged compared to pure PET. The small amount of silicone powder provided lubricating effects, making the modified PET fibers more resistant to breakage and pilling during the friction test. As a result, the pilling resistance reached grade 3-4, an improvement of 1 grade compared to pure PET, which had grade 2-3. When the silicone powder content increased to 0.50% and 0.75%, the fiber's mechanical properties slightly declined, resulting in a pilling resistance grade of 3 just 0-1 grade higher than pure PET. However, when the silicone powder content reached 1.00%, the lubricating function of the silicone powder became dominant, improving the lubrication during fiber friction. The fibers, which were subjected to force during testing, were less likely to entangle and break. As a result, the pilling resistance of the modified PET fabric increased significantly, reaching grade 4, which was 1-2 grades higher than pure PET. This is consistent with the lower friction coefficient of modified PET fibers. During the pilling test, the pure PET fabric showed noticeable pilling after 500 friction cycles, while the 1.00% silicone powder-modified PET fabric showed no significant pilling even after 7 000 cycles, only slight fuzzing.

Conclusion By modifying the PET masterbatch by adding silicone powder, the processability of the PET masterbatch and the pilling resistance of PET fabrics were significantly enhanced, achieving a pilling resistance grade of 4. This excellent performance can improve the appearance quality of traditional PET fabrics during long-term use, further potentially expanding their application scenarios. At the same time, this modification method aligns with current PET fiber production processes. The silicone powder used is cost-effective, light-colored, and facilitates subsequent dyeing, finishing, and other processing techniques, making it highly suitable for industrial applications. This approach provides important guidance for the development of polymer fibers with wear and pilling resistance.

Key words: silicone powder, melt blending, masterbatch, modified PET fiber, anti-pilling and anti-fuzzing performance

中图分类号:

TS156

郭成志, 李众, 刘永胜, 乔小兰, 朱美芳. 抗起毛起球聚酯纤维的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2026, 47(04): 1-8.

GUO Chengzhi, LI Zhong, LIU Yongsheng, QIAO Xiaolan, ZHU Meifang. Preparation and properties of anti-pilling polyester fibers[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2026, 47(04): 1-8.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20250900701

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V47/I04/1

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硅酮粉质量分数/%	起毛起球等级	静摩擦因数
0	2~3	0.15±0.02	0.14±0.01
0.25	3~4	0.11±0.02	0.10±0.02
0.50	3	0.10±0.01	0.10±0.01
0.75	3	0.10±0.01	0.09±0.01
1.00	4	0.09±0.01	0.08±0.01

抗起毛起球聚酯纤维的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of anti-pilling polyester fibers

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