纺织学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (06): 21-26.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20190800406

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

聚甲基丙烯酸酯/聚丙烯酸酯共混纤维膜制备及其油水分离性能

郝志奋1, 徐乃库2(), 封严1, 段梦馨1, 肖长发2   

  1. 1.天津工业大学 纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
    2.天津工业大学 材料科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-01 修回日期:2020-03-12 出版日期:2020-06-15 发布日期:2020-06-28
  • 通讯作者: 徐乃库
  • 作者简介:郝志奋(1993—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为纺织纤维材料。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51103099);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20111201120002);中国博士后基金项目(2014M550143);中国博士后基金项目(2015T80221);天津市应用基础及前沿技术研究计划项目(12JCQNJC01600);中国工程院“先进基础材料强国战略研究课题”子项目(2018-ZD-03)

Preparation of fibrous membrane by blending polymethacrylate with polyacrylate and its oil/water separation property

HAO Zhifen1, XU Naiku2(), FENG Yan1, DUAN Mengxin1, XIAO Changfa2   

  1. 1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    2. School of Material Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
  • Received:2019-08-01 Revised:2020-03-12 Online:2020-06-15 Published:2020-06-28
  • Contact: XU Naiku

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摘要：

为实现水污染体系中油水的高效分离,采用溶液聚合法合成丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物、甲基丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物,以共混溶液为纺丝液,采用静电纺丝技术制备得到可用于分离不同油水混合物的微结构可调的纤维膜材料,并研究其对不同油水混合物的分离能力。结果表明:2种共聚物溶液以体积比为3∶7共混后制得的纤维膜对柴油/水、葵花籽油/水混合物的分离效果显著;针对上述2种油水混合物,重复使用共混纤维膜5和7次时,共混纤维膜对2种油水混合物的分离时间分别低于390、110 s;将四氢呋喃引入上述共混溶液继续调节静电纺纤维膜的微结构,所得纤维膜可快速将高黏度乳化油从水中分离出来。

关键词: 甲基丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物, 丙烯酸丁酯-甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物, 溶液聚合, 静电纺丝, 油水分离

Abstract:

In order to realize the efficient separation of oil and water in water pollution system, poly (butyl acrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and poly (butyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) were synthesized by solution polymerization. The blended solution with the two polymers was used for electrospinning to prepare micro-structurally adjustable fibrous membrane material to separate different oil/water mixtures, and its separation capacity for different oil/water mixtures was explored. The results demonstrate that the fibrous membrane obtained from blending the two copolymer solutions in the volume ratio of 3∶7 shows significant separation capability for diesel/water mixture and sunflower oil/water mixture. When it is repeatedly used for 5 times and 7 times to separate the two oil/water mixtures, the separation time are lower than 390 s and 110 s, respectively. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was introduced into the above-mentioned blended solution to adjust continually the microstructure of the electrospun fibrous membrane, and the obtained fibrous membrane is proven to separate highly viscous emulsified oil from water quickly.

Key words: poly (butyl methacrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), poly (butyl acrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), solution polymerization, electrospinning, oil/water separation

中图分类号: 

  • TQ316

图1

油水分离装置示意图 1—油;2—水;3—纤维膜。"

图2

不同体积比共混溶液静电纺纤维膜扫描电镜照片(×1 000)"

表1

不同体积比共混溶液静电纺纤维膜的物理性能"

样品
编号		 接触角/
(°)		 孔隙
率/%		 纤维平均
直径/μm		 纤维直径
标准偏差
1# 138.5 54.82 3.13 0.32
2# 124.5 47.95 3.68 0.31
3# 122.5 39.26 4.29 0.72
4# 126.0 37.14 5.03 0.56

图3

不同THF体积分数下静电纺纤维膜扫描电镜照片(×1 000)"

表2

不同THF体积分数下静电纺纤维膜的物理性能"

样品
编号		 接触角/
(°)		 孔隙
率/%		 纤维平均
直径/μm		 纤维直径
标准偏差
5# 126.0 37.16 2.03 0.23
6# 129.5 58.30 1.56 0.19
7# 126.5 72.03 1.24 0.24

图4

1#~3#纤维膜对柴油/水的分离结果"

图5

2#和3#纤维膜对葵花籽油/水的分离结果"

图6

5#~7#纤维膜对乳化油/水的分离结果"

图7

2#和3#纤维膜重复分离油水混合物能力"

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