水驻极聚丙烯熔喷非织造材料的制备及其带电特性分析

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20210604006

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为深入探究水驻极熔喷非织造材料的带电特性,制备了水驻极聚丙烯熔喷非织造材料,研究了水质电导率与烘燥温度对材料过滤性能的影响,利用原子力显微镜、静电电位测试仪分析了水驻极熔喷非织造材料带电特性,并探究了水驻极对电晕充电熔喷非织造材料带电和过滤性能的影响。结果表明:水质的电导率越小,所得熔喷非织造材料的过滤效率越高,而烘燥温度对材料基本性能和过滤性能无明显影响。水驻极使熔喷非织造材料同时带有正电荷和负电荷,其表面静电势是各层纤网静电势叠加的结果。推测认为,呈正电、负电或者中性的雾状水射流与纤维摩擦过程发生电子转移和离子转移,从而使材料驻极带电。

关键词: 水驻极, 熔喷非织造材料, 过滤性能, 聚丙烯, 带电特性

Abstract:

In order to study the charged characteristics of water electret melt-blown nonwovens, the hydro charging polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven material was prepared. The influence of water conductivity and drying temperature on the filtration performance of samples was investigated. Atomic force microscope, electrostatic potential tester and thermal stimulation discharge instrument were used to analyze the charging characteristics of the hydro charging melt-blown nonwovens. The synergistic effect of corona discharge and hydro charging was studied as well. The results show that the smaller the conductivity of the water used for the hydro charging, the higher the filtration efficiency of the obtained sample. The drying temperature did not affect the physical and filtration performance of obtained samples. After hydro charging, the potential charge of the melt-blown nonwovens increased significantly with random positive and negative distribution. The surface electrostatic potential is the result of overlapping of the electrostatic potential of each layer of the web. It is speculated that electron transfer and ion transfer occur due to frictions between the positive, negative or neutral water droplets and the fiber, resulting in the high static potential of melt-blown nonwovens.

Key words: hydro charging, melt-blown nonwovens, filter performance, polypropylene, charging characteristic

中图分类号:

TS174.8

吴燕金, 王江, 王洪. 水驻极聚丙烯熔喷非织造材料的制备及其带电特性分析[J]. 纺织学报, 2022, 43(12): 29-34.

WU Yanjin, WANG Jiang, WANG Hong. Preparation and charging characteristics analysis of hydro charging polypropylene melt-blown nonwovens[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2022, 43(12): 29-34.

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试样名称	电导率/ (μS·cm^-1)	过滤效率/%
纯水	1.3	93.5
去离子水	15.1	87.7
Na₂CO₃	166.0	78.8
自来水	433.6	60.1

试样烘燥条件	面密度/(g·m^-2)	厚度/mm	透气率/(mm·s^-1)
原始	41.9	0.37	259.1
晾干	42.3	0.37	243.4
110 ℃	42.1	0.37	242.9
130 ℃	42.1	0.38	253.6
150 ℃	42.1	0.37	250.2

干燥温度/℃	过滤阻力/Pa	过滤效率/%
25	127.4	97.8
110	126.4	96.6
130	123.2	95.8
150	124.5	97.4

序号	驻极工艺	过滤效率	CV值
1	水驻极	96.0	1.5
2	电晕充电	92.2	1.4
3	水驻极+水驻极	96.3	0.3
4	电晕充电+水驻极	68.9	11.9