纺织学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 22-28.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210808608

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

医用口罩熔喷非织造布电极的制备及其电化学性能

王洪杰1,2, 姚岚1, 王赫1,3(), 张仲1   

  1. 1.安徽工程大学 纺织服装学院, 安徽 芜湖 241000
    2.安徽工程大学 安徽省纺织结构复合材料国际联合研究中心, 安徽 芜湖 241000
    3.安徽工程大学 安徽省纺织工程技术研究中心, 安徽 芜湖 241000
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-23 修回日期:2022-05-09 出版日期:2022-12-15 发布日期:2023-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 王赫
  • 作者简介:王洪杰(1986—),女,讲师,博士。主要研究方向为功能纺织品的加工与设计。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省纺织结构复合材料国际联合研究中心开放基金项目(2021ACTC08);安徽省高等学校纺织面料重点实验室开放基金项目(2021AETKL13);安徽工程大学校级科研项目(XJKY2022065);安徽工程大学校级科研项目(XJKY2022062)

Preparation and electrochemical performances of melt-blown nonwovens electrode from medical mask

WANG Hongjie1,2, YAO Lan1, WANG He1,3(), ZHANG Zhong1   

  1. 1. School of Textile and Garment, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
    2. Anhui Province International Cooperation Research Center of Textile Structure Composite Materials, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
    3. Anhui Engineering and Technology Research Center of Textile, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
  • Received:2021-08-23 Revised:2022-05-09 Published:2022-12-15 Online:2023-01-06
  • Contact: WANG He

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摘要：

为实现废弃医用口罩在储能领域中的高值化应用,采用镀银和涂炭方法对一次性医用口罩的中间层熔喷非织造布表面进行处理制备双电层电极,最后组装成超级电容器器件。分别采用循环伏安法、恒电流充放电法和交流阻抗法测试熔喷非织造布电极和所组成器件的电化学性能。结果表明:当电流密度为1 A/g时,所得电极比电容可达298 F/g,在电流密度为20 A/g下其比电容为224 F/g,展现出较高的倍率性能(75%),电极的电荷转移内阻和等效串联内阻分别为0.86和0.15 Ω;在功率密度为125 W/kg下,超级电容器器件的能量密度达到9.7 W·h/kg,此外经过10 000次充放电后,器件的比电容保持率高达99.8%,展现出优异的循环稳定性。

关键词: 熔喷非织造布, 双电层电极, 超级电容器, 电化学性能, 废弃医用口罩, 高值化应用

Abstract:

In order to achieve high-value application of waste medical masks in the field of energy storage, silver plating and carbon coating methods were used to treat the inner melt-blown nonwovens surface of disposable medical masks to prepare electric double-layer electrodes, and finally the supercapacitor devices were assembled. The electrochemical performances of melt-blown nonwovens electrode and as-prepared device were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and AC impedance methods. The results show that the specific capacitance of the electrode is as high as 298 F/g when the current density is 1 A/g and 224 F/g at the current density of 20 A/g, showing a higher rate capability (75%) with the charge transfer internal resistance and equivalent series internal resistance of the electrode being 0.86 and 0.15 Ω, respectively. The energy density of the device reaches 9.7 W·h/kg under the power density of 125 W/kg. After 10 000 charge/discharge cycles, the specific capacitance retention of the device is as high as 99.8%, indicating the excellent cycling stability.

Key words: melt-blown nonwovens, electric double-layer electrode, supercapacitor, electrochemistry, waste medical mask, high-value utilization

中图分类号: 

  • TS179

图1

超级电容器结构示意图"

图2

熔喷非织造布、表面镀银熔喷非织造布和熔喷非织造布电极的扫描电镜和弯折后照片"

图3

熔喷非织造布、表面镀银熔喷非织造布和熔喷非织造布电极的红外光谱"

图4

熔喷非织造布、表面镀银熔喷非织造布和熔喷非织造布电极的应力-应变曲线"

图5

氮气吸附-脱附曲线和孔径分布曲线 注:V为孔体积;D为孔径;dV/dD为孔体积随孔径的变化率。"

图6

活性炭的XRD谱图和Raman光谱图"

图7

电极的CV曲线、GCD曲线和倍率性能曲线"

图8

电极的交流阻抗图谱"

图9

器件的CV曲线、GCD曲线和倍率性能曲线"

图10

器件的交流阻抗图谱和循环性能曲线"

图11

器件的功率密度与能量密度关系曲线"

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