纺织学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (04): 162-170.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20240905801

• 服装工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于参数化设计和数值模拟仿真技术的运动文胸版型优化

陈馨蔚1, 顾冰菲1,2, 田佳莉3, 周思凡1, 刘瑜希1, 刘金灵1, 易洁伦4, 孙玥1,2()   

  1. 1.浙江理工大学 服装学院, 浙江 杭州 310018
    2.丝绸文化传承与产品设计数字化技术文化和旅游部重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 310018
    3.东华大学 服装与艺术设计学院, 上海 200051
    4.香港理工大学 时装及纺织学院, 香港 999077
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-25 修回日期:2024-12-25 出版日期:2025-04-15 发布日期:2025-06-11
  • 通讯作者: 孙玥(1988—),女,讲师,博士。主要研究方向为服装数字化仿真。E-mail: sunyue@zstu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:陈馨蔚(2001—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为服装数字化仿真。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社科项目(24YJCZH268);浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y202456764);国家大学生创新训练项目(202410338040);浙江省哲学社会科学规划艺术学课题资助项目(24NDJC171YB)

Optimization design method for sports bra using CAD/CAE technology

CHEN Xinwei1, GU Bingfei1,2, TIAN Jiali3, ZHOU Sifan1, LIU Yuxi1, LIU Jinling1, YICK Kit-lun4, SUN Yue1,2()   

  1. 1. School of Fashion Design & Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Silk Culture Heritage and Products Design Digital Technology, Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    3. College of Fashion and Design, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
    4. School of Fashion & Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
  • Received:2024-09-25 Revised:2024-12-25 Published:2025-04-15 Online:2025-06-11

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摘要： 为探究运动文胸结构设计参数对乳房位移控制及压力舒适性的影响,进一步优化运动文胸款式设计,提出了一种结合参数化设计和数值模拟仿真技术的方法,从运动文胸版型的数字化和人体生物力学建模仿真角度出发,通过选取鸡心高度、侧比高度和背部结构3种结构参数作为研究对象,分析设计参数对运动文胸性能的影响。结果表明:单独改变结构参数或同时改变鸡心高和背部结构均能有效影响抑制乳房位移效果和胸底部的动静态接触压力,最大运动控制效果可提升1.23%,且改变鸡心高度或背部结构(改为U型)时,不会抑制另一个参数的优化效果;此外,与文胸接触的人体部位,其动静态压力的最大值分布排序依次为肩部、胸底部、身体侧边与底围接触区域。本文提出的研究方法能够帮助运动文胸开发人员从功能性和舒适性角度更好地理解文胸结构性能,为消费者提供更加贴合身体且穿着舒适的运动文胸。

关键词: 运动文胸, 版型设计, 乳房位移, 接触压力, 有限元仿真, 动态接触模型

Abstract:

Objective Traditional sports bras often do not adequately meet the unique biomechanical needs of women during physical activities, leading to discomfort and potential health problems. In order to explore the influence of parameter structure on the control performance and pressure comfort of sports bra, to provide consumers with more body-fitting, strong support and comfortable sports bra. Combining computer aided design (CAD) and computer aided engineering (CAE) techniques, a human-sports bra contact model was constructed to evaluate the performance of sports bras with different design parameters from two aspects of control level and contact pressure.

Method The 3-D body scanner was used to capture female chest data to create geometric models of the female breasts, torso, and sports bra. The sports bra outline was established using two-dimensional pattern design and three-dimensional virtual try-on. Specifically, design parameters such as the height of the gore, side band, and back structure were modified in conjunction with CAD methods, and the geometric model of the bra was quickly obtained in the virtual fitting environment. After assemblying using an interference fitting method, simulations were conducted to analyze the displacement of the breast along the Z-axis and the effects of static and dynamic pressure.

Results The 3-D configuration of sports bra and the human body contact model, developed using digital design, was validated through motion capture experiments focused on nipple displacement. The root mean square error (RMSE) were determined to be 5.52 mm (braless condition) and 1.11 mm (wearing sports bra), confirming the model's validity and feasibility. Combining computer aided design(CAD) and computer aided engineering(CAE), five distinct sports underwear models were created by varying three design parameters: the gore height, the side wing height and the back structure. The experimental data indicated that modifying either the structural parameters alone or both the core height and the back structure simultaneously could significantly reduce breast displacement compared to the basic sports bra, with the maximum reduction reaching 1.23%. The overall displacement inhibition effectiveness was ranked as JH_B > CH > B > JH > basic pattern. Regarding contact pressure, it was observed that under both dynamic and static conditions, the shoulder strap exhibited the highest contact pressure, followed by bottom breasts and side under-band regions. Notably, the contact pressure at the bottom breasts (3.32 to 3.71 kPa) exhibited the most significant variation. Compared with changing a single structural parameter (set in this study), the simultaneous change of the U-shaped back structure and the height of the core significantly affected the dynamic contact pressure of the side bottom and the bottom of the breast, and increase the pressure of the bottom and the bottom of the breast. The results showed that the JH_B sports bra model positively impacts the inhibition of displacement and the dynamic and static contact pressure at the bottom breasts. Consequently, altering one structural parameter does not negate the influence of the other. If it is necessary to enhance the control performance of the sports bra, it is recommended to adjust both parameters simultaneously.

Conclusion The innovative method combining CAD and CAE technology method proposed in this paper is capable of analyzing the influence of relevant bra design parameters on breast biomechanical dynamic response during running. By conducting a comparative analysis of breast displacement and dynamic contact pressure across various sports bra structural designs, this approach facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the functional and ergonomic aspects of sports bra design. Consequently, developers can optimize the design effectively to enhance fit, support, and comfort, thereby improving athletic performance and experience to meet consumer needs and preferences.

Key words: sports bra, pattern design, breast displacement, contact pressure, finite element simulation, dynamic contact model

中图分类号: 

  • TS941.2

图1

运动文胸款式图"

图2

人体几何模型建立过程"

图3

三维动作捕捉标记点示意图"

表1

胸部模型材料参数表"

人体部位 材料模型 材料系数/kPa
C10 C01 C11 C20 C30
胸部软组织 Mooney-Rivlin 0.3 0.31 2.5 4.7 3.8

图4

结构参数说明"

表2

模型参数变量及模型名称"

结构参数名称 参数变量 模型名称
无 未改变(背部结构为X型) 基础版
侧比高度 向上增加2.5 cm CH
背部结构 U型背部结构 B
鸡心高度 向上增加2 cm JH
鸡心高增加2 cm,后背结构改成U型 JH_B

图5

虚拟试衣"

图6

运动文胸几何模型"

表3

运动文胸参数表"

运动文胸面料区 弹性模量E/MPa 泊松比ʋ
肩带 1.18 0.34
前片 横向 1.11 0.28
纵向 1.14 0.31
后片 横向 1.08 0.27
纵向 1.12 0.30
底围 1.24 0.38

图7

人体-运动文胸各部位的有限元模型"

图8

实验测量和有限元模拟的乳点位移"

表4

不同参数变量下乳点的最大位移值"

模型类型 最大位移/mm
基础版 46.97
CH(侧比增高2.5 cm) 46.58
B(U型背部结构) 46.60
JH(鸡心增高2 cm) 46.75
JH_B(鸡心增高2 cm+U背结构) 46.39

图9

静态接触压力云图"

图10

人体各部位最大接触压力分布区域"

表5

各部位静态模拟的最大接触压力值"

版型 静态压力/kPa
胸底部 侧边底围 肩带
基础版 3.04 1.96 5.43
CH 3.28 1.82 4.15
B 3.30 2.04 4.50
JH 3.37 2.00 4.14
JH_B 3.83 1.90 4.29

图11

有限元模拟穿着运动文胸的动态接触压力"

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