纺织学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (07): 209-216.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20250102101

• 服装工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于热电制冷技术的管道式通风服研发与测评

刘颖慧1, 张昭华1,2(), 杨艺文1   

  1. 1 东华大学 服装与艺术设计学院, 上海 200051
    2 东华大学 现代服装设计与技术教育部重点实验室, 上海 200051
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-09 修回日期:2025-03-15 出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-08-14
  • 通讯作者: 张昭华(1977—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为服装舒适性与工效性。E-mail: zhangzhaohua@dhu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:刘颖慧(2001—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为服装舒适性与工效性。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学规划项目(23YJAZH209);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2232024B-03)

Research and development and evaluation of pipeline ventilation service based on thermoelectric refrigeration technology

LIU Yinghui1, ZHANG Zhaohua1,2(), YANG Yiwen1   

  1. 1 College of Fashion and Design, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
    2 Key Laboratory of Clothing Design and Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
  • Received:2025-01-09 Revised:2025-03-15 Published:2025-07-15 Online:2025-08-14

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摘要：

为避免高温危害,改善高温环境下人体热舒适性,降低建筑能耗,研制了一款管道式热电制冷通风服,并进行了人体着装试验和暖体假人试验。在温度为35 ℃、相对湿度为70%的人工气候舱内,6位受试者分别穿着普通工作服和热电制冷通风服进行对照试验,记录受试者的生理参数和主观感觉;另外进行了暖体假人试验,测试热电制冷通风服的冷却功率。结果表明:穿着热电制冷通风服使得人体的平均皮肤温度和后背皮肤温度分别下降了0.4和0.71 ℃,核心温度显著降低,热感觉、湿感觉和热舒适度均显著改善;通风服在2 h持续冷却时间内提供的有效冷却功率为36.56 W,单位质量冷却功为13.9 W/kg,制冷系数为0.64,具有优良的冷却性能。认为在个体降温服中应用热电制冷技术可提高服装降温效果,为个体降温服的设计研发提供了参考。

关键词: 热电制冷, 通风服, 着装舒适性, 冷却性能, 节能潜力

Abstract:

Objective Due to the increasing frequency and intensity of extreme hot weather, the indoor working environment temperature is high without using air conditioning, which will cause low work efficiency, physical discomfort and other problems. However, the cooling effect of conventional ventilation garment in high temperature environment is poor, and Fan-phase change material hybrid cooling clothing is not suitable for long working scenarios. In order to avoid high temperature hazards, improve the thermal comfort of the human body in high temperature environment, and reduce the building energy consumption, a pipeline thermoelectric refrigeration ventilation garment is developed.

Method Six subjects were selected to conduct human experiment in an environment with temperature of 35 ℃, relative humidity of 70%, and wind speed of (0.4±0.1) m/s. Objective physiological parameters (skin temperature, core temperature and heart rate) and subjective scores (thermal sensation, thermal comfort, wet sensation) were collected during the test to evaluate the comfort of the thermoelectric refrigeration ventilation garment. Thermal manikin experiment was carried out under the conditions of temperature (35±0.5) ℃, relative humidity (40±0.5)%, and wind speed (0.4±0.1) m/s to explore the cooling performance and energy saving potential of the thermoelectric refrigeration ventilation garment.

Results The results of the human dress test showed that the average skin temperature and back skin temperature of test group subjects were significantly lower than control group. The average skin temperature and back skin temperature decreased by 0.4 ℃ and 0.71 ℃, respectively, which showed that the thermoelectric refrigeration ventilation garment can have a cooling effect, and the back area was more obvious for direct ventilation. The ear canal temperature of test group subjects was significantly lower than control group, indicating that wearing the thermoelectric refrigeration ventilation garment will reduce the core temperature to some extent and reduce the risk of heat stress in high temperature and high humidity environment. No significant difference appeared in the heart rate, and the mean heart rate in both groups increased slowly over time and stabilized after 20 min. The scores of thermal sensation, thermal comfort and wet sensation were significantly lower than those of control group, which shows that wearing thermoelectric refrigeration ventilation garment can effectively alleviate the thermal sensation brought by the high temperature environment, promote the increase of sweat, reduce human sweating, inhibit the rise of the wet sensation of the subjects, and improve the thermal comfort of human body. Through the thermal manikin test, the thermoelectric refrigeration ventilation garment can provide relatively stable cooling effect for the human body. The average cooling power is 36.56 W, the cooling power of unit weight is 13.9 W/kg, and the cooling coefficient is 0.64. The proposed thermoelectric refrigeration ventilation garment has good cooling performance. In addition, under the premise of not affecting the cooling effect, wearing thermoelectric refrigeration ventilation garment can expand the indoor ambient temperature setting point by 2.4 ℃.

Conclusion The thermoelectric refrigeration ventilation garment enhances the heat dissipation of the human body by strengthening the two modes of convection and evaporation, which reduces the human skin temperature and core temperature, improves the heat sensation, wet sensation and thermal comfort of the human body, improves the dress comfort of the human body, and saves building energy. In the future research, semiconductors with greater power refrigeration sheet and air supply fan can be adopted to increase the coverage of the ventilation pipes, and to improve the cooling effect of the ventilation garment. At the same time, on the premise of ensuring that the cooling effect of ventilation service is not affected, the refrigeration device and ventilation pipe with lighter weight are selected to improve the portability of the ventilation service.

Key words: thermoelectric cooling, ventilation clothing, dress comfort, cooling performance, energy saving potential

中图分类号: 

  • TS941.16

图1

热电制冷装置设计图 注:1—半导体制冷片;2—铝制导冷块;3—轴流风扇;4—装置出口;5—硅胶管道;6—散热翅片;7—散热风扇;8—温度控制器;9—树脂外壳。"

图2

热电制冷通风服"

图3

皮肤温度对比图"

图4

耳道温度对比图"

图5

主观评分对比图"

表1

热电制冷通风服冷却性能数据对比"

参考
文献		 冷却
功率/W		 单位质量
冷却功/(W·kg-1)		 制冷
系数
本文 36.56 13.9 0.64
[19] 24.6 — 0.57
[20] 15.5 15.6 0.42
[24] 25 — 0.41
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