Journal of Textile Research ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 20-28.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200204109

• Fiber Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Filtrations of propylene-based micro-nano elastic filters via melt blowing process

SUN Huanwei1, ZHANG Heng1,2(), ZHEN Qi3, ZHU Feichao4, QIAN Xiaoming5, CUI Jingqiang2,6, ZHANG Yifeng1   

  1. 1. School of Textile, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China
    2. Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Polymer Materials Technology and Application, Xinxiang, Henan 453400, China
    3. School of Clothing, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China
    4. College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    5. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    6. Henan Tuoren Medical Device Co., Ltd., Xinxiang, Henan 453400, China
  • Received:2020-02-20 Revised:2020-05-02 Online:2020-10-15 Published:2020-10-27
  • Contact: ZHANG Heng E-mail:zhangheng2699@zut.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to enhance the elasticity of polypropylene (PP) melt blown nonwovens to solve brittleness and poor tensile strength when used as filters, samples of PBE/PP micro-nano fibrous materials reinforced with propylene-based elastomer (PBE) were prepared through the blending melt blowing process. The thermal properties and rheological properties of the PBE/PP blends were tested and the effects of PBE mass ratio and melt blowing process parameters on elasticity and filtration properties of the samples were studied. The results show that the melting peak of the blends decreases from 173.6 ℃ to 165.1 ℃ and the crystallinity gradually decreases from 39.0% to 9.8% as the PBE mass ratio is increased to 85%. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show that the fiber diameter (df) distribution indicates binary feature in the range of 0.4-16 μm. The fine fibers are interspersed with the coarse ones to form a three-dimensional tortuous "embed" network. As the mass fraction of PBE increases to 85%, the proportion of the fine fibers with df of less than 2 μm increases to 68.3%, and the elastic recovery rate of the samples in the machine direction and cross direction increases to 81.8% and 79.1%, respectively. The filtration efficiency increases by about 1.8 times, and the hydrostatic pressure resistance increases to 4 699.6 Pa.

Key words: nonwoven, melt blown, propylene-based elastomer (PBE), filtration performance, hydrostatic pressure resistance, micro-nano fiber

CLC Number: 

  • TS176

Tab.1

Process of PBE/PP melt blowing nonwovens"

设备 特征参数 温度设定/℃
螺杆
挤出机		 直径为25 mm,
长径比为28∶1		 一区 160
二区 215
三区 245
四区 245, 255, 265, 275, 285
五区 245, 255, 265, 275, 285
计量泵 规格为3 mL/r,
转速为5 r/min		 245, 255, 265, 275, 285
熔喷模头 喷丝孔径为0.35 mm,
长径比为12∶1		 245, 255, 265, 275,285
罗茨风机 风量为3.3 m3/min,
风压为45 kPa		 260
其他 接收距离为9, 12, 18, 24和32 cm

Fig.1

DSC curves of PBE/PP blends. (a)Melting curve; (b)Cooling curve"

Tab.2

DSC data of polymers"

编号 m(PBE)∶m(PP) Tm/℃ ΔHm/(J·g-1) ΔHc/(J·g-1) Xc/%
1# 0∶100 173.6 81.5 -98.9 39.0
2# 25∶75 171.0 80.2 -91.2 38.4
3# 50∶50 167.9 70.8 -90.2 33.9
4# 75∶25 166.3 46.4 -53.9 22.2
5# 85∶15 165.1 20.5 -25.2 9.8

Fig.2

Rheological curves of polymers"

Fig.3

Surface SEM images of samples with different PBE mass ratio"

Fig.4

Fiber diameter distribution of samples with different PBE mass ratio"

Fig.5

Surface SEM images of samples with different melt temperature"

Fig.6

Cross section SEM images of samples with different die to collector distance"

Fig.7

Elastic recovery curves of samples"

Tab.3

Tensile elasticity data of samples%"

编号 方向 塑性
变形率		 弹性
回复率		 急弹性
变形率		 缓弹性
变形率
5# 纵 18.22 81.78 61.85 19.93
横 20.86 79.14 51.98 27.16
4# 纵 27.46 72.54 51.45 21.09
横 27.56 72.44 44.22 28.22
3# 纵 29.63 70.37 44.44 25.93
横 32.10 67.9 38.77 29.13
2# 纵 35.00 65.00 36.25 28.75
横 35.80 64.20 34.57 29.63

Fig.8

Filtration performance of samples. (a) PBE mass ratio; (b) Melt temperature; (c) Mass per unit area; (d) Die to collector distance"

Fig.9

Hydrostatic pressure resistance of samples"

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