Journal of Textile Research ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (05): 172-181.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20250902801

• Dyeing and Finishing Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Superhydrophobicity and UV resistance of polydopamine/octadecylamine/zinc oxide synergistic modified gambiered Canton silk

ZHENG Jingjing1,2(), CAO Yuan1, CHEN Jiahua1, LÜ Jianyuan3   

  1. 1 College of Fashion Design and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2 Zhejiang Digital Intelligence Style and Creative Design Research Center, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    3 Zhejiang Kaiyuan Cultural Development Co., Ltd., Huzhou, Zhejiang 313200, China
  • Received:2025-09-08 Revised:2026-03-12 Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-07-10

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Abstract:

Objective Gambiered Canton silk is a national intangible cultural heritage. Renowned for its unique luster, permeability, and eco-friendly dyeing process, it holds significant cultural and economic value. However, its application has been constrained by inherent functional limitations. As a natural protein fiber, it is susceptible to moisture absorption, which can lead to mildew growth in humid environments. Furthermore, prolonged exposure to sunlight causes photoyellowing and degradation from ultraviolet radiation, compromising its aesthetic and structural integrity. In order to address the issue of the single functionality of traditional gambiered Canton silk, this study aims to prepare a multi-functional fabric with both superhydrophobic and ultraviolet protection properties through a multi-step chemical modification process. This enhancement seeks to expand its applications in modern sectors such as outdoor apparel and high-end technical textiles, thereby contributing to the sustainable inheritance and innovation of this cultural heritage.

Method Based on the self-polymerization property of dopamine (DA) to form polydopamine (PDA), the surface of the gambiered Canton silk was modified. By investigating the influences of DA concentration, reaction time and reaction temperature on the hydrophobicity of the fabric, the optimal modification process conditions were determined, and the successful deposition of PDA on the gambiered Canton silk was confirmed through physical and chemical performance characterization. Octadecylamine (ODA) was grafted onto the PDA modified gambiered Canton silk to further reduce the surface energy and endow the fabric with superhydrophobic and self-cleaning properties. The microstructure, chemical composition and wearing performance of the PDA/ODA modified gambiered Guangdong gauze were also analyzed and tested. Finally, vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) was adopted to modify zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles to improve the dispersion of ZnO and obtain the optimal concentration of modification. The VTES-ZnO dispersion was adopted for secondary modifcation of the fabric, ultimately endowing the gambiered Canton silk with excellent ultraviolet protection performance.

Results The optimized modified fabric achieved superhydrophobicity with a contact angle of 153° and a sliding angle smaller than 10°. For ultraviolet protection, its ultraviolet protection foctor (UPF) value reached 265.26, with ultraviolet A(UVA) and ultraviolet B(UVB) transmittances of 3.54% and 3.10%, respectively, meeting national ultraviolet protection standards. After 50 wash cycles, its UPF value was 237.62, and after 100 rubbing cycles, its UPF value still reached 224.69, showing excellent durability. Scanning electron microscope images revealed that PDA increased surface roughness, ODA formed a lamellar structure, and VTES-ZnO created a stable nano-composite layer. The infrared spectra anaylsis confirmed the successful bonding of PDA, ODA, and VTES-ZnO to the fabric, with characteristic peaks of functional groups like —OH, —CH2, and Si—O—Si appearing. Additionally, the fabric maintained good air permeability (365 mm/s) and improved mechanical properties and color fastness.

Conclusion The PDA/ODA/VTES-ZnO ternary modification system was proved to be an effective strategy for the functional enhancement of gambiered Canton silk. It successfully endowed the traditional textile with durable superhydrophobicity, outstanding ultraviolet resistance, and robust durability against washing and rubbing. Crucially, this was achieved without compromising its inherent aesthetic and comfort properties, such as its soft handle and permeability. By overcoming the key functional defects of the traditional fabric, this technology provides a scientific and practical reference for the functional reconstruction of other traditional textiles, thereby promoting the modern inheritance and broader application of this valuable intangible cultural heritage.

Key words: gambiered Canton silk, polydopamine, octadecylamine, zinc oxide, superhydrophobic, ultraviolet protection, self-cleaning performance, functional textiles

CLC Number: 

  • TS195.6

Fig.1

Preparation process of modified gambiered Canton silk"

Fig.2

Influence of DA concentration on hydrophobic properties of gambiered Canton silk"

Fig.3

Influence of reaction time on hydrophobic properties of gambiered Canton silk"

Fig.4

Influence of reaction temperature on hydrophobic properties of gambiered Canton silk"

Fig.5

Influence of ODA mass fraction on hydrophobic properties of gambiered Canton silk"

Fig.6

Surface morphologies of ZnO powder before and after modification. (a) Unmodified ZnO; (b) 5%VTES-ZnO; (c) 10%VTES-ZnO; (d) 15%VTES-ZnO; (e) 20%VTES-ZnO"

Fig.7

Influence of VTES mass fraction on surface modification effect of ZnO"

Fig.8

Influence of reaction time on hydrophobic properties of gambiered Canton silk"

Fig.9

Influence of reaction temperature on hydrophobic properties of gambiered Canton silk"

Fig.10

Influence of VTES-ZnO mass fraction on hydrophobic properties of gambiered Canton silk"

Fig.11

Surface morphologies of gambiered Canton silk before and after modification. (a) Unmodified gambired Canton silk; (b) PDA modified gambiered Canton silk; (c) PDA/ODA modified gambiered Canton silk; (d) PDA/ODA/VTES-ZnO modified gambiered Canton silk"

Fig.12

FT-IR spectra of gambiered Canton silk before and after modification"

Tab.1

UV protection performance of gambiered Canton silk fabric before and after modification"

样品 UPF TUVA/% TUVB/%
未改性香云纱 22.66 41.96 30.87
PDA改性香云纱 42.34 32.67 24.12
PDA/ODA改性香云纱 95.48 16.42 13.19
PDA/ODA/VTES-ZnO改性香云纱 265.26 3.54 3.10

Fig.13

Durability of UV protection. (a) Rubbing resistance ; (b) Washing resistance"

Tab.2

Static contact angles and dynamic rolling angles of gambiered Canton silk before and after modification"

样品 接触角/
(°)		 滑动角/
(°)
未改性香云纱 124 26
PDA改性香云纱 135 20
PDA/ODA改性香云纱 151 8
PDA/ODA/VTES-ZnO改性香云纱 154 10

Fig.14

Comparison of self-cleaning performance of gambiered Canton silk to oil red O stain solution before and after modification. (a)Unmodified gambiered Canton silk; (b) PDA modified gambiered Canton silk; (c) PDA/ODA modified gambiered Canton silk; (d) PDA/ODA/VTES-ZnO modified gambiered Canton silk"

Tab.3

Color fastness and permeability of gambiered Canton silk before and after modification"

样品 耐皂洗色
牢度/级		 耐光色
牢度/级		 耐摩擦色
牢度/级		 透气率/
(mm·s-1)
变色 沾色 耐干摩 耐湿摩
未改性香云纱 3 3 3 3 4 460
PDA改性
香云纱		 4 4~5 4 4 4~5 416
PDA/ODA
改性香云纱		 4~5 4~5 4 4~5 5 379
PDA/ODA/
VTES-ZnO
改性香云纱		 5 5 5 5 5 365
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