Journal of Textile Research ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (02): 19-23.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210802006

• Fiber Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and properties of high heat-resistant polyimide fiber

DONG Han1,2, ZHENG Sensen1,2, GUO Tao3, DONG Jie1,2, ZHAO Xin1,2, WANG Shihua3, ZHANG Qinghua1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    3. Jiangsu Aoshen Hi-Tech Materials Co., Ltd., Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, China
  • Received:2021-08-20 Revised:2021-11-17 Online:2022-02-15 Published:2022-03-15
  • Contact: ZHANG Qinghua E-mail:qhzhang@dhu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to further improve the heat resistance of polyimide fibers, the poly (amic acid) solution from fully-rigid dianhydrides and diamines was synthesized. The polyimide fibers were prepared through dry spinning technology for improved mechanical properties, followed by thermal cyclization and drawing progress. The thermal and mechanical properties of the fibers were analyzed. The results show that the thermal stability of polyimide fibers is superior, mainly attributing to the high density of the benzene ring in the internal structure of the dianhydride and diamine. Under nitrogen atmosphere, the 5% weight loss temperature and the maximum decomposition temperature of polyimide fiber reach 600 ℃ and 649 ℃ respectively. The tensile strength of the fiber is 2.1 GPa. After the aging test at 300 ℃ for 24, 48, and 72 h, the retention rates of tensile strengths reach 99.8%, 87.3%, and 76.3% respectively. At the same time, polyimide fiber has excellent dimensional stability, and its thermal expansion coefficient is -9.1 μm/(m·℃) in the range of 50-350 ℃.

Key words: polyimide, dry spinning, high performance fiber, thermal stability, thermal aging test

CLC Number: 

  • TB35

Fig.1

Thermogravimetric curves of PI fibers in N2"

Fig.2

Analysis spectrum of PI fiber thermal decomposition process. (a) Gas release spectrum; (b) Gas infrared spectrum"

Fig.3

Three-dimensional(a)and two-dimensional(b) FT-IR spectra of PI-7 fiber releasing gas phase products at various temperatures"

Fig.4

Thermomechanical properties curves of PI fibers with various structures"

Fig.5

2D-WAXD diffraction spectra of PI fibers with various structures"

Fig.6

1D-WAXD spectra of PI fibers with different structures. (a) Meridian direction; (b) Equatorial direction"

Fig.7

Mechanical properties curves of PI fibers with various structures"

Tab.1

Mechanical strength retention rate of several high-performance fibers maintained %"

纤维名称 24 h 48 h 72 h
PMDA-PDA 73.8 85.2 66.7
Nomex 65.8 63.9 61.2
Kevlar 49 60.4 30.1 10.0
P84 26.5 / /
PI-7 99.8 87.3 76.3
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