Journal of Textile Research ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (01): 62-71.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20231000401

• Textile Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Full-color gamut mixing model constructed by four-color fibers and its use for color yarn spinning

WANG Yanyan1, XUE Yuan1(), CHEN Yourong2, CHEN Guofang2   

  1. 1. College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
    2. Zhejiang Taitan Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, Zhejiang 311800, China
  • Received:2023-10-07 Revised:2024-03-21 Online:2025-01-15 Published:2025-01-15
  • Contact: XUE Yuan E-mail:fzxueyuan@qq.com

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Abstract:

Objective In recent years, colored spun yarn has been developed rapidly because of its unique color blending effect and environmentally friendly production process. However, the current spinning of colored spun yarn primarily relies on the fiber blending ratio and point-to-point color matching of the yarn, lacking a suitable color mixing model to systematically guide the spinning of colored fibers and enable real-time adjustment of the yarn color. In order to address this issue, a full-color gamut gridded color mixing model is established, incorporating the characteristics of three-channel numerical control rotor spinning. This model guides fiber spinning within the full-color gamut range created by four primary colors and regulates the hue, brightness, and saturation of the yarn color across the entire color gamut.

Method First, a four-primary color coupling-superposition mixing model was constructed using three types of colored fibers and one gray fiber as raw materials. This mixing model enabled precise digital control of hue, brightness, and saturation within the entire color gamut, and this model was utilized to guide the spinning of four primary color fibers. Then, by combining the principles of three-channel computer numerical control (CNC) cup spinning, a three-channel cup spinning mixing mechanism was developed to synergistically control the ratios of feeding speeds, blending ratios of primary fibers, and colors of formed yarns. This breakthrough eliminated the barriers between feeding speed ratios, blending ratios of primary fibers, and colors of formed yarns, enabling adjustment of the other two variables based on any one variable. Lastly, a total of 156 colors were selected from the full-color gamut mixing model, including three types, i.e. equal brightness with different hue series, equal hue and different brightness series, and equal hue and different saturation series. Utilizing the three-channel rotor spinning platform, the selected 156 colors were made into mixed color yarns and fabrics with the four primary color fibers. The color changes of the mixed yarns and fabrics were compared with the corresponding type of color spectrums, so as to validate the feasibility of producing mixed color yarns across the full-color gamut utilizing the full-color gamut mixing model in conjunction with the three-channel digitally controlled rotor spinning platform. By measuring the HSL value of the yarn, the feasibility of spinning mixed yarn in the full-color gamut range was further investigated based on the built full color gamut mesh color mixing model.

Results Comparing the images of three types of mixed colored yarns and mixed colored fabrics with the chromatograms of the three types, it was found that the hue changes of mixed colored yarns and fabrics with equal brightness and different hue series were consistent with the chromatograms. The brightness changes of mixed yarns and fabrics with equal hue and different brightness series were consistent with the chromatogram. The saturation changes of mixed yarns and fabrics with equal hue and different saturation series were consistent with the chromatogram. It was evident that based on the full-color gamut grid based color mixing model, the color change trend in the mixed yarns and the fabrics was consistent with the color change trend of the mixed yarn color map, which verified the three-channel rotor spinning mechanism of coordinated control of draft ratio, blending ratio, and yarn color. From the HSL values of the three types of mixed yarns, it was seen that in the first type the hue angle changes from 0° to 360°, and the hue change trend was consistent with the constructed full-color gamut mixing model. In the second type the hue remains basically unchanged, and the chromaticity change trend was consistent with the constructed full-color gamut mixing model. In the third type the hue remains basically unchanged, the brightness change trend was consistent with the constructed full-color gamut mixing model. The feasibility of spinning full-color gamut mixed yarn using the constructed full-color gamut mixing model was verified again from a new perspective. The results showed that the color changes of the mixed yarns and fabrics produced based on the full-color gamut mixing model exhibited consistent patterns with the color changes of the mixed yarn color map. Therefore, spinning mixed yarns over the full-color gamut by adjusting the ratios of feeding speeds, blending ratios of primary fibers, and yarn color was feasible.

Conclusion In summary, based on the full-color gamut mixing model and the three-channel CNC cup spinning platform, the spinning of mixed yarns over the full-color gamut can be practically achieved. The color variation of the mixed yarns and fabrics based on the full-color gamut mixing model aligns with the color variation of the full-color gamut mixing model, exhibiting a consistent pattern. The mixed yarn demonstrates a hue change range of 0°-360°, a brightness change range of 0-1, and a saturation change range of 0-1. This verifies that the constructed full-color gamut mixing model enables online control of yarn color from three dimensions: hue, brightness, and saturation.

Key words: colored yarn, full-color gamut mixing model, rotor spinning, color control, computer numerical control spinning

CLC Number: 

  • TS104.1

Fig.1

Chromatogram of full-color gamut corresponding to full-color gamutgridded color mixing model"

Fig.2

Three-channel CNC rotor spinning system"

Fig.3

Three element control mechanism of three channel CNC spinning"

Tab.1

Color values of four primary color cotton strips"

棉条颜色 Lab值 RGB值
品红(α) (40.14,60.22,5.19) (178,28,89)
青(β) (49.93,-31.34,-25.75) (0,134,162)
黄(γ) (82.04,2.4,86.51) (238,200,0)
灰(o) (93.13,0.2,3.06) (238,235,229)

Fig.4

Four primary color grid mixed color gamut chromatography"

Fig.5

Three different series of mixed color yarns.(a) Equal brightness with different hue series; (b) Equal hue with different saturation series; (c) Equal hue with different brightness series"

Fig.6

Three different series of mixed color yarn knitted fabric. (a) Equal brightness with different hue series; (b) Equal hue with different saturation series; (c) Equal hue with different brightness series"

Tab.2

HSL values of blended yarns with equal brightness and different hue series"

编号 H S L 编号 H S L 编号 H S L
C1,1 337.87 74.48 35.22 C3,1 337.99 70.64 36.64 C7,1 338.62 65.11 38.54
C1,2 331.08 50.10 31.27 C3,2 330.14 44.81 33.49 C7,2 332.35 41.55 37.03
C1,3 325.31 41.85 29.78 C3,3 318.56 31.74 31.49 C7,3 325.19 31.70 35.11
C1,4 313.37 28.73 29.99 C3,4 309.14 25.65 31.18 C7,4 311.35 22.82 34.22
C1,5 283.87 21.90 30.17 C3,5 289.91 22.79 30.45 C7,5 281.97 17.43 35.08
C1,6 263.20 20.41 31.11 C3,6 266.21 19.69 31.97 C7,6 254.25 16.02 36.93
C1,7 227.15 23.85 31.43 C3,7 242.04 17.97 35.22 C7,7 238.85 15.32 38.52
C1,8 213.78 32.96 32.41 C3,8 219.74 27.03 34.69 C7,8 210.55 30.71 34.96
C1,9 198.15 63.51 29.45 C3,9 201.64 54.76 28.61 C7,9 196.74 54.59 32.83
C1,10 192.76 100.00 24.80 C3,10 192.60 96.17 26.64 C7,10 194.12 69.59 31.16
C1,11 190.40 100.00 26.92 C3,11 189.83 100.00 28.35 C7,11 189.04 100.00 29.12
C1,12 184.60 100.00 24.13 C3,12 188.41 100.00 27.13 C7,12 184.75 100.00 27.20
C1,13 175.26 100.00 23.17 C3,13 175.07 100.00 23.46 C7,13 177.05 88.26 26.18
C1,14 162.71 59.99 29.66 C3,14 164.85 64.53 29.15 C7,14 170.72 55.31 32.83
C1,15 154.17 46.32 31.61 C3,15 151.96 34.77 34.61 C7,15 155.30 31.19 40.76
C1,16 121.95 27.80 40.02 C3,16 140.81 35.75 37.19 C7,16 127.33 25.12 42.59
C1,17 120.21 27.04 40.13 C3,17 116.60 28.13 39.74 C7,17 96.97 29.92 42.08
C1,18 73.25 51.19 37.48 C3,18 93.22 33.68 40.07 C7,18 87.00 33.41 42.82
C1,19 67.42 52.47 38.48 C3,19 64.18 56.25 38.45 C7,19 65.45 45.42 42.63
C1,20 63.30 60.62 37.99 C3,20 51.87 100.00 37.49 C7,20 51.26 61.90 45.93
C1,21 45.85 100.00 45.63 C3,21 46.51 100.00 45.89 C7,21 46.58 93.61 47.83
C1,22 31.88 71.93 45.19 C3,22 34.67 76.39 44.74 C7,22 35.17 62.32 50.06
C1,23 24.43 63.58 44.58 C3,23 27.54 66.57 45.03 C7,23 24.68 54.65 47.93
C1,24 17.44 56.24 45.91 C3,24 15.06 49.63 47.44 C7,24 19.54 48.96 49.41
C1,25 16.05 56.68 44.58 C3,25 9.41 48.38 46.31 C7,25 10.81 45.62 48.63
C1,26 6.59 49.90 45.19 C3,26 8.96 51.91 44.54 C7,26 5.67 42.69 47.56
C1,27 0.85 47.68 44.64 C3,27 0.39 46.53 45.82 C7,27 356.75 41.19 47.86
C1,28 0.07 48.78 44.21 C3,28 359.91 45.11 46.17 C7,28 350.90 46.11 44.94
C1,29 350.08 57.42 41.09 C3,29 349.34 57.54 40.65 C7,29 350.31 44.74 46.05
C1,30 343.87 64.90 38.58 C3,30 345.58 60.03 39.85 C7,30 345.17 48.77 44.31

Tab.3

HSL values of blended yarns with equal hue and different saturation series"

编号 H S L 编号 H S L 编号 H S L
C1,5 283.87 21.90 30.17 C1,15 154.17 46.32 31.61 C1,25 11.05 56.68 44.58
C2,5 285.71 20.70 30.32 C2,15 152.14 30.31 31.94 C2,25 11.78 54.00 44.30
C3,5 289.91 22.79 30.45 C3,15 151.96 34.77 34.61 C3,25 10.41 48.38 46.31
C4,5 286.69 22.03 30.59 C4,15 155.40 44.01 34.68 C4,25 10.44 48.13 46.54
C5,5 288.58 20.32 30.71 C5,15 153.98 34.06 38.15 C5,25 10.52 46.46 47.97
C6,5 289.39 19.05 32.30 C6,15 151.58 35.05 38.37 C6,25 10.95 45.05 47.99
C7,5 281.97 17.43 35.08 C7,15 155.30 31.19 40.76 C7,25 10.81 45.62 48.63
C8,5 284.79 16.21 36.15 C8,15 154.79 33.10 40.52 C8,25 10.44 43.38 50.74
C9,5 283.42 13.02 40.77 C9,15 154.15 28.25 43.81 C9,25 11.00 43.34 55.45
C10,5 287.25 10.05 49.91 C10,15 151.90 20.16 52.25 C10,25 10.82 41.86 57.64

Tab.4

HSL values of blended yarns with equal hue and different brightness series"

编号 H S L 编号 H S L 编号 H S L
C1,1 337.87 74.48 35.22 C1,11 190.40 100.00 26.92 C1,21 45.85 100.00 45.63
C2,1 337.87 72.51 36.72 C2,11 190.36 100.00 27.37 C2,21 46.02 100.00 45.86
C3,1 337.99 70.64 36.64 C3,11 189.83 100.00 28.35 C3,21 46.51 100.00 45.89
C4,1 338.73 63.71 39.11 C4,11 190.10 100.00 28.56 C4,21 46.51 100.00 45.33
C5,1 339.07 60.15 39.94 C5,11 189.78 100.00 28.36 C5,21 46.75 100.00 45.92
C6,1 339.28 57.43 41.05 C6,11 189.25 100.00 28.36 C6,21 46.68 100.00 45.85
C7,1 338.62 65.11 38.54 C7,11 189.04 100.00 29.12 C7,21 46.58 93.61 47.83
C8,1 340.16 47.34 45.46 C8,11 188.78 100.00 29.41 C8,21 44.95 82.35 53.03
C9,1 340.43 40.77 48.67 C9,11 188.64 81.93 33.74 C9,21 44.49 81.85 59.27
C10,1 340.68 39.53 53.18 C10,11 190.33 48.47 44.31 C10,21 44.89 83.12 60.42
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