Journal of Textile Research ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (06): 53-59.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20251007801

• Textile Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Modeling and verification of pressure distribution in drafting zone

QIAN Lili, LI Hao, YU Chongwen, CAO Qiaoli()   

  1. College of Textiles， Donghua University， Shanghai 201620， China
  • Received:2025-10-31 Revised:2026-03-22 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-08-19
  • Contact: CAO Qiaoli E-mail:Caoql@dhu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

Objective Fiber drafting is critical for spinning quality， and accurate regulation of roller nipper pressure distribution is key to high-quality yarn production. This study aims to address the lack of systematic research on pressure distribution under multi-parameter synergy， so as to support fiber motion control and intelligent drafting equipment development through establishing a multi-parameter coupled model.

Method Based on Hertz contact theory， fiber layer equivalent elastic parameters was introduced to build a model integrating roller elastic/geometric parameters and fiber properties. Film pressure sensors were used to measure pressure distribution of cotton， viscose， and polyester fibers. Top roller and bottom roller with specific parameters were used， and tests repeated 5 times for average values.

Results Without fibers at the roller nipper， calculated pressure distribution using Hertz contact theory matched the measured results well， where relative errors of contact stress and contact half-width were both less than 5.00%. After introducing fiber layer equivalent elastic parameters， the model showed high prediction accuracy for the three types of fibers where contact stress deviation ≤8.23%， contact half-width deviation ≤7.35%. For fiber acceleration points， deviations between calculated and measured values were ≤8.33% （e.g.， 5.00% for polyester， 6.52% for cotton， 8.33% for viscose）. In drafting state prediction， using polyester and viscose as examples， predicted drafting feasibility under different roller grip distances was fully consistent with measured results. The model also enabled calculation of drafting force and gripping force， ensuring proper drafting when the former was less than the latter.

Conclusion Hertz contact theory accurately describes pure elastic contact between top and bottom rollers （deviation <5%）. The fiber layer-clad model is valid for pressure distribution prediction of cotton， viscose， and polyester. It provides a quantitative tool for "drafting parameters-fiber motion" analysis， applicable to fiber motion control， drafting state prediction， and top roller design. It can also be extended to flexible-rigid contact scenarios like nonwovens and papermaking.

Key words: drafting, roller nipper, pressure distribution, Hertz contact theory, fiber layer equivalent model, multi-parameter coupling

CLC Number: 

  • TS101.1

Fig.1

Diagram of contact between top roller and bottom roller"

Fig.2

Diagram of fiber layer under compression. （a） A large number of fibers exist in drafting zone； （b） Fibers form fiber layer under pressure； （c） Fiber layer coated on bottom roller"

Tab.1

Physical property parameters of fibers"

材料 密度γ/
（g·cm-3）		 弹性模量E/
MPa		 泊松比μ
涤纶 1.38 15 280 0.38
棉 1.50 9 810 0.30~0.46
粘胶 1.52 7 840 0.30~0.46

Tab.2

Performance parameters of top and bottom rollers"

材料 H 弹性模量E/
MPa		 泊松比μ 半径/
mm
胶辊A 90.0 20.9 0.5 14.0
胶辊B 85.5 13.8 0.5 19.0
罗拉A — 2.1×105 0.3 12.5
罗拉B — 2.1×105 0.3 15.0
罗拉C — 2.1×105 0.3 22.5

Tab.3

Pressurization and contact parameters without fibers"

组别 接触对 F/N L/mm
1 胶辊A-罗拉A 152 10
2 胶辊B-罗拉B 790 180
3 胶辊B-罗拉C 806 180

Fig.3

Comparison of pressure distribution without fibers. （a） Top roller A-Bottom roller A； （b） Top roller B-Bottom roller B； （c） Top roller B-Bottom roller C"

Tab.4

Pressurization and contact parameters with fibers between rollers"

组别 纤维 F/N l/mm
1 涤纶 790 94
2 涤纶 816 106
3 棉 798 65
4 棉 800 76
5 粘胶 789 63
6 粘胶 807 70

Fig.4

Comparison of pressure distribution with fibers. （a） Maximum contact stress； （b） Contact half-width"

Tab.5

Prediction results of fiber acceleration points"

纤维 牵伸
倍数		 纤维长
度/mm		 罗拉握持距/
mm		 加速点/mm 计算偏
差/%
实测 计算
涤纶 5.7 38.0 50 2.0 1.9 5.00
棉 3.8 27.4 50 4.6 4.3 6.52
粘胶 4.2 38.0 50 1.2 1.1 8.33

Tab.6

Prediction results of drafting state"

纤维 实测或
预测		 不同罗拉握持距下的牵伸状态
40 mm 42 mm 44 mm 46 mm 48 mm 50 mm
涤纶 实测 × × × √ √ √
预测 × × × √ √ √
粘胶 实测 × × × × √ √
预测 × × × × √ √
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