纺织学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 100-105.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20181104407

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

芳伯胺染料对蚕丝织物的重氮化-偶合染色及工艺调控

江华1,2(), 张志恒1, 蔡金芳1, 陈维国1,2, 崔志华1,2, 孙岩峰3   

  1. 1.浙江理工大学 生态染整技术教育部工程研究中心, 浙江 杭州 310018
    2.浙江理工大学 先进纺织材料与制备技术教育部重点实验室, 浙江 杭州 310018
    3.浙江吉华集团股份有限公司, 浙江 杭州 311227
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-16 修回日期:2019-04-03 出版日期:2019-11-15 发布日期:2019-11-26
  • 作者简介:江华(1988—),男,讲师,博士。主要研究方向为染料设计与应用。E-mail: jh@zstu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51673176,21808210);浙江省公益技术研究计划(LGG18B060003)

Diazotization-coupling dyeing and process control of silk fabrics by primary aryl amine dyes

JIANG Hua1,2(), ZHANG Zhiheng1, CAI Jinfang1, CHEN Weiguo1,2, CUI Zhihua1,2, SUN Yanfeng3   

  1. 1. Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing and Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    3. Zhejiang Jihua Group Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311227, China
  • Received:2018-11-16 Revised:2019-04-03 Online:2019-11-15 Published:2019-11-26

摘要:

为提高蚕丝织物的染色牢度,以重氮化-偶合染色工艺采用芳伯胺染料对蚕丝织物进行染色,优化了同浴加热阶段上染温度、染浴pH值和元明粉质量浓度等染色条件,研究了染色前后颜色变化机制,并探讨了该方法的染料适用范围。结果表明:将芳伯胺染料与蚕丝织物同浴加热上染后,再在低温下将染料重氮化,并立即与蚕丝偶合,可大幅提升染色织物的K/S值;染色织物颜色的改变源于染色后染料分子共轭体系改变导致的发色体能级带隙的变化;苯胺类、萘胺类及1-氨基蒽醌类芳伯胺染料均适用于该反应性染色方法,染色蚕丝织物的耐皂洗色牢度及耐摩擦色牢度均能达到4级以上。

关键词: 蚕丝织物, 芳伯胺染料, 重氮化-偶合反应, 染色性能, 色牢度

Abstract:

In order to improve the fastness property of dyed silk fabrics, primary aryl amine dyes were selected for dyeing silk fabrics by a diazotization-coupling dyeing process. The dyeing conditions, such as dyeing temperature, pH value and concentration of sodium sulfate were optimized and the mechanism of color change before and after dyeing was discussed. The application scope of dyes was explored. The results showed that the K/S values of dyed fabrics are greatly increased when primary aryl amine dyes and silk fabrics are heated in one bath followed by diazotization of dyes and coupling with silk at low temperature. The reason for color change of dyed silk fabrics originates from the change of dye molecular conjugation leading to the variation of chromophore's band gap. Aniline, naphthylamine and 1-aminoanthraquinone dyes can be applied in this reactive dyeing method. The washing fastness and rubbing fastness of dyed silk fabrics could reach above grade 4.

Key words: silk fabric, primary aryl amine dye, diazotization-coupling reaction, dyeing property, color fastness

中图分类号: 

  • TS193.5

图1

芳伯胺染料化学结构"

图2

重氮化-偶合染色蚕丝织物的K/S值曲线 注:C.I.酸性棕4用量为4%(o.w.f)。"

图3

上染温度对染色蚕丝织物K/S值的影响"

图4

染浴pH值对染色蚕丝织物K/S值的影响"

图5

元明粉质量浓度对染色蚕丝织物K/S值的影响"

图6

C.I.酸性棕4染色蚕丝织物及其剥色后的K/S值曲线 a—方法B染色蚕丝织物;b—方法B染色织物剥色后;c—方法C染色蚕丝织物;d—方法C染色织物剥色后。"

图7

C.I.酸性棕4及其染色产物模拟物的能级计算结果 注:为简化计算,以对甲基苯酚结构代替蚕丝大分子结构。"

图8

经重氮化-偶合染色及在常规酸性条件下染色的蚕丝织物K/S值曲线"

表1

芳伯胺染料对蚕丝的重氮化-偶合染色性能"

染料 上染率/% 固色率/% K/S L* a* b*
C.I.酸性棕4 85 82 15.77 25.38 22.75 -0.07
染料D1 90 97 19.30 21.90 19.20 5.74
C.I.酸性蓝40 84 29 3.68 42.13 6.74 20.36
C.I.酸性绿20 81 93 18.96 24.42 -8.38 -6.53

表2

经重氮化-偶合染色方法所得蚕丝织物的色牢度"

染料 耐皂洗色牢度 耐摩擦色牢度
变色 沾色 湿
C.I.酸性棕4 4~5 4~5 4~5 5 4~5
染料D1 4~5 4 4~5 5 4~5
C.I.酸性蓝40 5 4~5 4~5 4~5 4
C.I.酸性绿20 4~5 4~5 5 5 4~5
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