纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (06): 41-45.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200902005

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

高原纤化Lyocell纤维的制备及其性能

黄伟, 程春祖(), 张嘉煜, 张晨曦, 程敏, 徐纪刚, 刘云崇   

  1. 中国纺织科学研究院有限公司 生物源纤维制造技术国家重点实验室, 北京 100025
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-08 修回日期:2021-03-08 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 程春祖
  • 作者简介:黄伟(1989—),男,工程师,硕士。主要研究方向为再生纤维素纤维技术研发。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0309502)

Preparation and characterization of high fibrillation Lyocell fiber

HUANG Wei, CHENG Chunzu(), ZHANG Jiayu, ZHANG Chenxi, CHENG Min, XU Jigang, LIU Yunchong   

  1. State Key Laboratory for Bio-based Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Textile Academy, Beijing 100025, China
  • Received:2020-09-08 Revised:2021-03-08 Published:2021-06-15 Online:2021-06-25
  • Contact: CHENG Chunzu

摘要:

为探究Lyocell纤维原纤化的生成条件,拓展高原纤化Lyocell纤维在过滤织物、覆盖面料及吸收衬垫等领域的应用,以次氯酸钠(NaClO)溶液为氧化剂,采用汽蒸处理方法制备了不同原纤化程度的Lyocell纤维,研究了NaClO 溶液质量分数和热处理时间对Lyocell纤维结构及性能的影响。结果表明:在本文实验范围内,当NaClO 溶液质量分数(有效Cl-质量分数)为1.50%、热处理时间为180 s时,Lyocell纤维表面微原纤分布均匀、原纤化程度最为明显,纤维保持了较强的吸湿能力,较未处理前升高了135.8%,其干态断裂强度为3.69 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为11.3%,基本保持了后续应用领域要求的较高力学性能。该方案实施难度小,效率高,有利于高原纤化Lyocell纤维在水刺织物、混纺制造纺织用品等领域的应用和工业化推广。

关键词: Lyocell纤维, 汽蒸处理, 原纤化, 湿磨损, 保水值

Abstract:

In order to explore the forming conditions for Lyocell fiber fibrillation, a sufficient theoretical basis was provided for expanding the application of high-fibrillation Lyocell fiber in filter fabrics, covering fabrics and absorbent lined pad. In this paper, sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solution was used as oxidant and Lyocell fibers with different degrees of fibrillation were prepared by steaming treatment. The influence of NaClO solution concentration and heat treatment time on Lyocell fiber structure and properties were analyzed. The results show that within the scope of this experiment, the fibrillation degree of Lyocell fiber gradually increases and the polymerization degree gradually decreases, as the concentration of NaClO solution increases. When the concentration of NaClO solution (effective Cl- concentration) is 1.5% and the heat treatment time is 180 s, the degree of fiber fibrillation is quite obvious and uniform. The treated fibers achieve a strong moisture absorption capacity, which is 135.8% higher than before. The fiber breaking strength is 3.69 cN/dtex, elongation at break 11.3%, maintaining high mechanical properties required by the intended applications. The process is proved to be less difficult and more efficient, beneficial to the application and industrialization of high-fibrillation Lyocell fibers in the fields of spunlace fabrics and blended manufacturing textile products.

Key words: Lyocell fiber, steam treatment, fibrillation, wet friction, water retention value

中图分类号: 

  • TS109.9

表1

Lyocell纤维处理条件"

试样编号 有效Cl-质量分数/% 热处理时间/s
1# 0.00 0
2# 0.75 180
3# 1.50 60
4# 1.50 180
5# 1.50 300
6# 2.25 180

图1

Lyocell纤维湿磨损测试仪示意图"

图2

不同浓度NaClO处理Lyocell纤维的扫描电镜照片(×1 000)"

图3

不同热处理时间Lyocell纤维的微观形貌照片(×1 000)"

表2

NaClO处理前后Lyocell纤维性能比较"

试样编号 保水值/% 磨损时间/s 聚合度
1# 164.5 8.67 614
3# 251.3 5.96 573
4# 387.9 3.73 531
5# 320.2 1.97 445

图4

NaClO处理前后Lyocell纤维结晶谱图"

表3

NaClO处理前后Lyocell纤维的断裂强度和伸长率变化"

试样编号 断裂强度/(cN·dtex-1) 断裂伸长率/%
1# 3.39 13.50
3# 3.88 11.89
4# 3.69 11.32
5# 3.02 8.16
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