轧花前籽棉加湿对北疆机采细绒棉加工质量的影响

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20240804901

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究我国新疆北部棉区机采细绒棉加工过程中轧花前籽棉加湿对皮棉加工质量的影响,选取奎屯市某机采棉加工生产线,改造二道干燥单元为调湿单元,采用同一块地同一时段采摘、储存条件相同的籽棉为试验材料,以二道调湿环节空气温度为试验因素,以回潮率、含杂率、棉纤维长度、长度整齐度指数和断裂强度为棉加工质量指标,设计单因素试验分析因素对评价指标的影响。结果表明:轧花前籽棉加湿对棉花回潮率影响显著,且回潮率增加,但相比籽棉回潮率的增加量,皮棉回潮率提升的量较小;轧花前籽棉加湿对皮棉含杂率影响不显著,对皮棉棉纤维长度、长度整齐度指数及断裂强度的影响显著,且棉纤维长度、长度整齐度指数及断裂强度与棉花回潮率增加量呈正相关。

关键词: 棉花, 机采棉, 轧花, 调湿, 回潮率, 含杂率, 棉纤维长度, 断裂强度

Abstract:

Objective Moisture regain is one of the key factors affecting the quality of cotton processing. However, during the cotton processing season of the cotton region in northern Xinjiang, China, the amount of precipitation and hence the air humidity is low, and the moisture regain rate of cotton is lower than the optimal moisture regain level, which leads to greater damage to cotton fiber during the processing. To this end, the effects of humidification of seed cotton before ginning on cotton fiber length, length uniformity index and breaking strength were investigated.

Method A machine cotton picking line in Kuitun City was selected, and the second drying unit of the cotton processing line was modified as the moisture conditioning unit. The experiment was conducted with seed cotton picked at the same time in the same field and stored under the same conditions, and the air temperature of the second moisture conditioning unit was used as the test factor. The moisture regain, trash content, cotton fiber length, length uniformity index and breaking strength were used as the cotton processing quality indexes, and the single-factor experimental method was designed to analyze the effect of the factors on the evaluation indexes.

Results There was no significant difference between the control group and the groups with different treatments in the feeding link (p >0.05) and the moisture return rate of cotton after drying (p >0.05). The moisture regain rate of cotton after two humidifications (p <0.001) and that of cotton gathering (p <0.001) were significantly different under different treatments. Compared with the control group, the moisture regain of cotton after two humidification steps was increased corresponding to each treatment level, and with the increase of temperature at the treatment level, the moisture regain got increased. The moisture regain of cotton in the gathering stage also increased with the moisture regain of cotton after the second humidification process, and the increase of moisture regain of cotton after the second humidification process did not fully reflect the increase of moisture regain of cotton in the gathering stage. Different treatments had no significant effect on the impurity content of lint after processing (p >0.05), and the statistical results showed that the trash content of lint did not change regularly with the increase of treatment level temperature. The effect of different treatments on cotton fiber length was significant (p <0.001). The univariate Pearson test showed that hot and humid air temperature was positively correlated with cotton fiber length (r = 0.978, p <0.05). The cotton fiber length increased about 0.397 mm with 1% increase in moisture regain before glint. The influence of different treatments on the cotton fiber length uniformity index after processing was significant (p <0.001). The univariate Pearson test showed that the hot and humid air temperature was positively correlated with the evenness index of cotton fiber length (r = 0.910, p <0.05). Length uniformity index increased by about 0.637%. The influence of different treatments on the specific breaking strength of lint fiber after processing was significant (p <0.001). The univariate Pearson test showed that the temperature of hot and humid air was positively correlated with the breaking strength (r = 0.977, p <0.05). The breaking strength of cotton fiber is increased by about 0.335 cN/tex.

Conclusion For the machine harvested upland cotton production line in the cotton region of northern Xinjiang, the humidification of seed cotton before ginning can improve the moisture regain of cotton ginning and baled cotton, but the moisture regain of cotton ginning is not fully reflected in the increase of moisture return of baled cotton. Under the existing process conditions, the trash content of lint is not affected by increasing the humidification of seed cotton before ginning, and cotton fiber length, length uniformity index and breaking strength are increased, which can reduce the damage to cotton fiber during processing and improve the quality of cotton processing.

Key words: cotton, machine harvested cotton, cotton ginning, humidification, moisture regain, trash content, cotton fiber length, breaking strength

中图分类号:

TS113

秦建锋, 史书伟, 孟永法, 李梦辉, 夏彬. 轧花前籽棉加湿对北疆机采细绒棉加工质量的影响[J]. 纺织学报, 2025, 46(06): 96-102.

QIN Jianfeng, SHI Shuwei, MENG Yongfa, LI Menghui, XIA Bin. Influence of seed cotton humidification before ginning on cotton processing quality of machine harvested upland cotton in northern Xinjiang[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2025, 46(06): 96-102.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20240804901

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V46/I06/96

图/表 7

图1

图2

表1

表2

图3

图4

图5

参考文献 16

[1]	兰雅琦, 高雷, 王秀东. 我国棉花生产集聚水平变化及影响因素分析[J]. 棉花学报, 2024, 36 (2): 101-113. doi: 10.11963/cs20240006
	LAN Yaqi, GAO Lei, WANG Xiudong. Analysis of cotton production agglomeration level and influencing factors in China[J]. Cotton Science, 2024, 36 (2): 101-113.
[2]	国家统计局. 国家统计局关于2024年棉花产量的公告[EB/OL]. (2024-12-25) [2025-06-16]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/zxfb/202412/t20241225_1957879.html.
	National Bureau of Statistics. Announcement of the National Bureau of Statistics on cotton production in 2024[EB/OL]. (2024-12-25) [2024-06-16]. https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/zxfb/202412/t20241225_1957879.html.
[3]	麻向阳, 丁宸旸, 吕新, 等. 机采棉种植模式对脱叶剂雾滴截获、脱叶效果和产量的影响[J]. 石河子大学学报(自然科学版), 2023, 41 (2): 177-185. doi: 10.13880/j.cnki.65-1174/n.2023.23.007
	MA Xiangyang, DING Chenyang, LÜ Xin, et al. Effects of planting patterns on the interception of defoliant droplets, the defoliation efficiency and yield of machine-picked cotton[J]. Journal of Shihezi Univer-sity(Natural Science), 2023, 41 (2): 177-185.
[4]	龙瑶, 宋玉兰. 中国棉花补贴政策:历史演变与未来趋势[J]. 中国棉花, 2023, 50 (7): 1-7. doi: 10.11963/cc20220226
	LONG Yao, SONG Yulan. China's cotton subsidy policy: historical evolution and future trend[J]. China Cotton, 2023, 50 (7): 1-7.
[5]	毛树春, 马小艳, 程思贤, 等. 我国高品质棉花产需分析与发展建议[J]. 中国棉花, 2020, 47(3):1-5. doi: 10.11963/1000-632X.mscmsc.20200309
	MAO Shuchun, MA Xiaoyan, CHENG Sixian, et al. Analysis and strategy for the production and demand of high quality cotton in China[J]. China Cotton, 2020, 47(3):1-5. doi: 10.11963/1000-632X.mscmsc.20200309
[6]	鲁伟东, 颜丹丹. 试验:棉花纤维品质对纱线质量的影响[J]. 中国纤检, 2018(1):60-61.
	LU Weidong, YAN Dandan. Effect of cotton fiber quality on properties of yarn[J]. China Fiber Inspection, 2018(1):60-61.
[7]	毛树春, 杜远仿, 张宁宁, 等. 加快建设农业强国/棉花强国的思考:走适度规模、质量兴棉和绿色兴棉的高质量可持续发展之路[J]. 中国棉花, 2024, 51(4): 1-8. doi: 10.11963/cc20230177
	MAO Shuchun, DU yuanfang, CHENG Ningning, et al. Reflections on accelerating the building of China's strength in agriculture/cotton:taking the way of moderate scale, high quality cotton prosperity and green cotton prosperity for high quality and sustainable develop-ment[J]. China Cotton, 2024, 51 (4): 1-8. doi: 10.11963/cc20230177
[8]	史书伟, 向天明, 刘伟刚, 等. 棉花加工过程中回潮率对皮棉质量的影响[J]. 棉纺织技术, 2020, 48(8):19-23.
	SHI Whuwei, XIANG Tianming, LIU Weigang, et al. Influence of moisture regain on ginned cotton quality in cotton processing[J]. Cotton Textile Technology, 2020, 48(8):19-23.
[9]	何启平. 浅谈棉花加工回潮率对棉纤维长度的影响[J]. 中国纤检, 2020(7):38-39.
	HE Qiping. Discussion on the influence of processing moisture regain rate on cotton fiber length[J]. China Fiber Inspection, 2020(7):38-39.
[10]	谷国富. 新疆机采棉加工过程中棉花品质变化分析[J]. 中国棉花, 2017, 44(9):22-24. doi: 10.11963/1000-632X.ggfggf.20170925
	GU Guofu. Analysis of cotton quality changes during processing of machine-picked cotton in Xinjiang[J]. China Cotton, 2017, 44(9):22-24. doi: 10.11963/1000-632X.ggfggf.20170925
[11]	梁后军, 谢睿, 周万怀, 等. 机采棉加工过程对棉纤维长度及短纤维指数的影响[J]. 中国纤检, 2017(12):127-130.
	LIANG Houjun, XIE Rui, ZHOU Wanhuai, et al. The effect of machine picking cotton processing technic on cotton length and short fiber index[J]. China Fiber Inspection, 2017(12):127-130.
[12]	冯永新, 王志新, 王拥政. 奎屯地区干旱气候变化的特征分析[J]. 新疆气象, 2006(2):6-7.
	FENG Yongxin, WANG Zhixin, WANG Yongzheng. Characters of drought climate changing in Kuitun area[J]. Bimonthly of Xinjiang Meteorology, 2006(2):6-7.
[13]	史书伟, 秦建锋. 籽棉含水率控制[J]. 中国棉花加工, 2018(1): 26-31.
	SHI Shuwei, QIN Jianfeng. Seed cotton moisture control[J]. China Cotton Processing, 2018(1): 26-31.
[14]	HARDIN R G I, BARNES E M, VALCO T D, et al. Engineering and ginning: effects of gin machinery on cotton quality[J]. Journal of Cotton Science, 2018, 22(1):36-46.
[15]	徐红, 单小红. 棉花检验与加工[M]. 北京: 中国纺织出版社, 2006:180-196.
	XU Hong, SHAN Xiaohong. Cotton inspection and processing[M]. Beijing: China Textile & Apparel Press, 2006:180-196.
[16]	BYLER R K. Historical review on the effect of moisture content and the addition of moisture to seed cotton before ginning on fiber length[J]. Journal of Cotton Science, 2006, 10(4):107-156.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

试样编号	喂花环节棉花回潮率/%				二道调湿后棉花回潮率/%
试样编号	均值	标准差	均值	标准差	均值	标准差	均值	标准差
CK	9.12	0.27	6.62	0.13	6.52	0.13	5.87	0.13
T1	9.07	0.31	6.61	0.17	6.85	0.11	5.94	0.17
T2	9.12	0.26	6.53	0.29	7.11	0.11	6.14	0.19
T3	9.09	0.34	6.67	0.25	7.36	0.22	6.22	0.12
T4	9.14	0.37	6.42	0.18	7.65	0.16	6.60	0.24
T5	9.11	0.24	6.37	0.38	8.20	0.33	6.80	0.09
T6	9.16	0.29	6.61	0.29	8.58	0.22	6.94	0.11

试样编号	集棉环节皮棉含杂率/%
试样编号	均值	标准差
CK	1.74	0.41
T1	1.72	0.46
T2	1.73	0.36
T3	1.89	0.41
T4	1.58	0.58
T5	1.69	0.52
T6	1.99	0.26