纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (05): 1-8.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210106008

• 特邀论文 •    下一篇

静电纺短纤维的制备及其生物医学应用

张蓓蕾, 沈明武, 史向阳()   

  1. 东华大学 化学化工与生物工程学院, 上海 201620
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-25 修回日期:2021-02-15 出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2021-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 史向阳
  • 作者简介:张蓓蕾(1996—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为功能化载药纤维微球的制备及其肿瘤治疗应用。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81761148028);国家自然科学基金项目(21773026);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFE0196200);上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(20520710300)

Preparation and biomedical applications of electrospun short fibers

ZHANG Beilei, SHEN Mingwu, SHI Xiangyang()   

  1. College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2021-01-25 Revised:2021-02-15 Published:2021-05-15 Online:2021-05-20
  • Contact: SHI Xiangyang

摘要:

传统静电纺纳米纤维常作为组织工程支架被用于修复缺损部位,往往必须借助外科手术有创植入,极大限制了其在生物医学领域中的应用。为促进静电纺丝技术的开发和应用,综述了静电纺短纤维的制备及其功能化的方法,分类介绍了功能化短纤维在诊断检测、治疗和组织工程这3个方面的生物医学应用;系统分析通过调节工艺参数、后续加工等方式保留静电纺纳米纤维膜的内在功能,以及基于其小尺寸和单分散性,避免纤维膜植入所造成的机体侵入创伤;最后,结合静电纺短纤维当前发展情形分析了其在生物医学领域应用中所面临的挑战和未来的发展前景。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 纳米纤维, 功能化短纤维, 诊断检测, 肿瘤治疗, 组织工程

Abstract:

Traditional electrospun nanofibers are often used as tissue engineering scaffolds to repair defects, which often need invasive implantation by surgery, greatly limiting their applications in biomedical fields. In order to promote the development and applications of electrospinning technology, this paper reviewed the preparation and functionalization methods of electrospun short fibers, the biomedical applications of functional short fiber in diagnosis and therapy, and tissue engineering. Electrospun short fibers have received great attention and can be prepared by adjusting process parameters and subsequent processing. Electrospun short fibers retain their intrinsic functions of electrospun nanofiber membranes, they can avoid the invasion and trauma caused by the implantation of fiber membranes because of their small size and monodispersity. The challenges and future development prospects of electrospun short fibers in biomedical fields were also analyzed.

Key words: electrospinning, nanofiber, functional short fiber, diagnostic testing, tumor therapy, tissue engineering

中图分类号: 

  • TS101

表1

静电纺短纤维的制备及功能化方法总结"

基底聚合物纤维 制备方法 功能物质 功能化方法 功能 参考文献
PLGA 冷冻切片 SPION 物理掺杂 磁响应,指导细胞行为 [24]
PAN 均质处理 Fe3O4纳米颗粒、GO 物理掺杂 提高生物安全性,指导细胞行为 [26]
BG 超声破碎 Sr(NO3)2、CuCl2 物理掺杂 促进新骨和血管生成 [11]
PELA 冷冻切片 HCPT 物理掺杂 抗肿瘤(化疗) [27]
CDM/PELA 冷冻切片 PMCPT 物理掺杂 抗肿瘤(靶向识别和还原刺激响应) [28]
PLA-cdm 冷冻切片 PMCPT 化学键合 抗肿瘤(靶向识别和还原刺激响应) [29]
PLLA 冷冻切片 GDNF 化学键合 促进细胞存活和轴突生长 [30]
PEI/PVA 均质处理 Fe3O4@PEI、 DNA适配体 综合改性 捕获和分离CTCs [31]
PCL/gelatin 冷冻切片、超声破碎 GelMA、BMP-2、QK 综合改性 促进新骨和血管生成 [25]

图1

PCL-PEG-PCL TNSs 四步法制备示意图 注:(1)—采用静电纺丝法制备了PCL-PEG-PCL二维纳米纤维毡;(2)—采用高速机械切削法制备均匀短纤维溶液;(3)—冷冻干燥后获得PCL-PEG-PCL TNSs;(4)—通过热处理对合成的TNSs进行强化。"

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