镍/铜/镍-碳纳米管复合纱线的制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20231103601

纺织学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 144-151.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20231103601

镍/铜/镍-碳纳米管复合纱线的制备及其性能

赵方¹^,², 邵光伟¹^,²(), 邵慧奇¹^,³, 毕思伊¹^,², 李明昊¹^,², 海文清¹^,², 张鑫¹^,², 姜子洋¹^,², 蒋金华¹^,², 陈南梁¹^,²

1.东华大学产业用纺织品教育部工程研究中心, 上海 201620
2.东华大学纺织学院, 上海 201620
3.东华大学纺织科技创新中心, 上海 201620

收稿日期:2023-11-16 修回日期:2024-04-11 出版日期:2024-12-15 发布日期:2024-12-31
通讯作者: 邵光伟(1987—),男,讲师,博士。主要研究方向为高性能纤维特种编织与产业用纺织品。E-mail:shaogw@dhu.edu.cn。
作者简介:赵方(1999—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为纺织复合材料。
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(22D128102/007)

Preparation and properties of Ni/Cu/Ni-carbon nanotube composite yarns

ZHAO Fang¹^,², SHAO Guangwei¹^,²(), SHAO Huiqi¹^,³, BI Siyi¹^,², LI Minghao¹^,², HAI Wenqing¹^,², ZHANG Xin¹^,², JIANG Ziyang¹^,², JIANG Jinhua¹^,², CHEN Nanliang¹^,²

1. Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620,China
2. College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
3. Innovation Center forTextile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China

Received:2023-11-16 Revised:2024-04-11 Published:2024-12-15 Online:2024-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为制备轻质高强高电导率材料,以碳纳米管(CNT)纱线为原料,通过化学沉积和电沉积技术制备了镍/铜/镍-碳纳米管(Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT)复合纱线,确定最优电沉积铜工艺,并系统分析复合纱线的形貌、力学性能及电学性能,通过模拟织针编织过程,对比复合纱线摩擦前后的性能,研究了镍界面层对复合纱线结构和性能的影响。结果表明:最优工艺制得的Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT复合纱线表面均匀细致、性能优异;与原始CNT纱线相比,在断裂强度基本保持不变(90%)的情况下,复合材料电导率提高了44倍;镍界面层能够有效增强Cu镀层的结合牢度,Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT复合纱线在100次模拟编织后仅有微米级裂痕,断裂强度和电导率分别保持91%和62%。

关键词: 复合纱线, 导电材料, 碳纳米管, 表面金属化, 界面增强, 可编织性, 电学性能

Abstract:

Objective Metallized carbon nanotube (CNT) yarns are prepared and studied, which require the use of precious metals or complex processes to achieve satisfactory surface topography, resulting in high production costs. However, the mechanical properties of the metallized CNT yarns significantly are decreased while achieving the improved electrical conductivity. Therefore, it is necessary to find solutions that will enable metallized CNT yarns to have both satisfactory mechanical and electrical properties at low-cost.

Method This paper employed chemical deposition and electrochemical deposition methods to deposit metals on the surface of CNT yarns. Nickel served as the interface layer and oxidation-resistant layer in the metallized CNT composite yarns, while copper acted as the conductive layer. By adjusting the process parameters, controlling the process flow and adjusting the structure of the composite yarns, we successfully prepared high-performance Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT composite yarns. This paper conducted tests and characterizations on the mechanical, electrical, and processing properties of the composite yarns and discussed the influence of the nickel interface layer on the mechanical and electrical properties of the composite yarns.

Results The optimal electrochemical deposition was carried out at 5 mA/cm² for 180 min. The surface of the original CNT yarns exhibited prominent grooves, and the yarn surface was covered with metal, resulting in a significant reduction in the grooves after metal deposition. In the absence of a nickel interface layer, the surface of the composite yarn showed visible metal particles, with some copper loosely adsorbed onto the CNT yarns in the form of loose particles, leading to a rough and porous coating. However, with the presence of a nickel interface layer, the surface coating of the composite yarns became uniform and refined. The Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT composite yarns demonstrated a thicker coating compared to the Ni/Cu-CNT composite yarns without the nickel interface layer. However, the decrease in tensile strength of the Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT composite yarns was smaller than that of the Ni/Cu-CNT composite yarns, with an improved elongation at break. These findings indicate that the porous structure causes stress concentration, weakening the overall load-bearing capacity of the composite yarns and resulting in the deterioration of its mechanical properties. The nickel interface layer was introduced before the copper plating forms a robust CNT-Cu interface, for the purposes of enhancing the load efficiency between the CNT yarns and copper, improving the quality of the copper-plated layer, and creating tightly structured composite yarns with staisfactory mechanical properties. After copper plating, the electrical conductivity of the CNT yarns was significantly improved, with the Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT composite yarns exhibiting the best conductivity, which is 44 times higher than the original CNT yarns and 1.4 times higher than the Ni/Cu-CNT composite yarns. After 100 friction cycles, the surface of the Ni/Cu-CNT composite yarns suffered severe damage, with needle hook friction causing noticeable fractures in the metal coating. By contrast, the Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT composite yarns only exhibited micron-level cracks on the surface while maintaining a good surface topography. This indicates that the nickel interface layer significantly improves the wear resistance and knittability over the CNT/Cu composite yarns. After simulating 100 knitting cycles, the tensile strength of the composite yarns was slightly decreased, while the elongation at break got higher. The conductivity loss of the Ni/Cu-CNT composite yarns was 46%, while the Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT composite yarns showed a conductivity loss of 38%. Nonetheless, the conductivity loss was still 28 times higher than that of the original CNT yarns. Even after 100 friction cycles, the electrical conductivity of the composite yarns remained satisfactory.

Conclusion The Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT composite yarns prepared by chemical deposition and optimal electrochemical deposition exhibit excellent morphology, mechanical properties, and electrical properties. The surface coating of the Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT composite yarns is uniform and refined. Compared to the original CNT yarns, the Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT composite yarns show a 44-fold improvement in electrical performance while maintaining 90% of its tensile strength. The Ni/Cu/Ni-CNT composite yarns also demonstrate outstanding wear resistance and knittability. The nickel interface layer effectively enhances the adhesion of the copper-plated layer to the surface of the CNT yarns. After 100 friction cycles, only micron-level discontinuous cracks are observed on the yarn surface, and the tensile strength and electrical conductivity are maintained at 91% and 62%, respectively.

Key words: composite yarn, conductive material, carbon nanotube, surface metallization, interface enhancement, knittability, electrical property

中图分类号:

TS102.6

赵方, 邵光伟, 邵慧奇, 毕思伊, 李明昊, 海文清, 张鑫, 姜子洋, 蒋金华, 陈南梁. 镍/铜/镍-碳纳米管复合纱线的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2024, 45(12): 144-151.

ZHAO Fang, SHAO Guangwei, SHAO Huiqi, BI Siyi, LI Minghao, HAI Wenqing, ZHANG Xin, JIANG Ziyang, JIANG Jinhua, CHEN Nanliang. Preparation and properties of Ni/Cu/Ni-carbon nanotube composite yarns[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2024, 45(12): 144-151.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20231103601

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2024/V45/I12/144

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镍/铜/镍-碳纳米管复合纱线的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of Ni/Cu/Ni-carbon nanotube composite yarns

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