纺织学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 81-86.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20191106806

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

磷酸酯-己酸酯化淀粉的制备及其浆膜性能

李伟1(), 张正桥1, 吴兰娟1, 徐珍珍1, 倪庆清2, 鲁育豪3   

  1. 1.安徽工程大学 纺织服装学院, 安徽 芜湖 241000
    2.日本信州大学, 日本 长野 3868567
    3.合肥塞夫特淀粉有限公司, 安徽 合肥 230000
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-28 修回日期:2020-06-15 出版日期:2020-10-15 发布日期:2020-10-27
  • 作者简介:李伟(1986—),男,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为浆料化学、高分子材料和纺织加工化学。E-mail:fangzhiliweiwu@sina.com。
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省自然科学基金面上项目(1908085ME124);安徽省高校自然科学研究重大项目(KJ2018ZD012);安徽省重点研发计划项目(201904a06020001);芜湖市科技计划项目(2018pt04);安徽工程大学国家自然科学基金预研项目(2018yyzr08)

Preparation of phosphorylated-caproylated starch and its membrane properties

LI Wei1(), ZHANG Zhengqiao1, WU Lanjuan1, XU Zhenzhen1, NI Qingqing2, LU Yuhao3   

  1. 1. College of Textiles and Garments, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
    2. Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano 3868567, Japan
    3. Hefei Safood Starch Co., Ltd., Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
  • Received:2019-11-28 Revised:2020-06-15 Online:2020-10-15 Published:2020-10-27

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摘要：

为降低淀粉膜的脆性,以改善淀粉浆料在经纱上浆中的使用效果,采用三聚磷酸钠和己酸酐为酯化剂,对酸解淀粉进行了磷酸酯-己酸酯化变性处理,以膜的断裂强度、断裂伸长率、水溶时间为评价指标,研究了双重酯化改性对淀粉膜性能的影响,并对改性前后淀粉所制备薄膜进行了X射线衍射表征分析。结果表明:这种复合改性不仅能够降低淀粉膜结晶度,明显提升淀粉膜断裂伸长率,降低其断裂强度,从而减少了淀粉膜的脆性,提升了其韧性,而且可以改善淀粉膜的水溶性;磷酸酯-己酸酯化淀粉(PCS)浆膜的断裂伸长率从3.15%(总取代度0.028)增加到3.91%(总取代度0.059),而断裂强度从32.8 MPa降低到28.1 MPa,显示这种复合改性对淀粉膜脆性的降低作用逐渐增强。

关键词: 淀粉, 浆料, 磷酸酯-己酸酯化, 磷酸酯-己酸酯化淀粉, 表观黏度, 浆膜性能

Abstract:

In order to reduce the brittleness of starch membrane for promoting the application effect of starch in warp sizing, starch was phosphorylated with sodium tripolyphosphate and then caproylated with caproic anhydride. The influence of double esterification on the tensile properties of starch membrane was investigated in terms of tensile strength, elongation at break and time required for breaking the membrane. The starch membranes before and after modification were analyzed using X-ray diffraction. The experimental results show that the phosphorylation-caproylation could not only reduce the crystallinity of starch membrane, significantly increase the elongation and decrease the strength of starch membrane, thus reducing the membrane brittleness and improving its toughness, but could also improve the water-solubility. With the increase in total degree of substitution from 0.028 to 0.059, the elongation of phosphorylation-caproylation starch (PCS) membrane increases from 3.15% to 3.91% and the strength decreases from 32.8 MPa to 28.1 MPa, indicating the reduction of the brittleness is gradually enhanced.

Key words: starch, size, phosphorylation-caproylation, phosphorylated-caproylated starch, apparent viscosity, membrane property

中图分类号: 

  • TS103.846

图1

PCS的分子结构式"

图2

PCS和ACS的红外光谱曲线"

图3

ACS和PCS样品颗粒的扫描电镜照片(×1 500"

表1

PCS样品的取代度和反应效率"

磷酸酯化 己酸酯化
STP用量/g Dp Rp/% CA用量/g Dx Rx/%
12 0.013 49.2 7.5 0.015 52.9
12 0.013 49.2 15.0 0.025 44.1
12 0.013 49.2 22.5 0.037 43.5
12 0.013 49.2 30.0 0.046 40.6

图4

磷酸酯-己酸酯化对淀粉浆液表观黏度的影响"

图5

磷酸酯-己酸酯化对淀粉膜力学性能的影响"

图6

PCS和ACS膜的X射线衍射图"

图7

磷酸酯-己酸酯化对淀粉膜水溶时间的影响"

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