熔喷快速热交换技术构建轻质高弹保暖絮片及其性能调控

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20250202801

纺织学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (10): 39-45.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20250202801

熔喷快速热交换技术构建轻质高弹保暖絮片及其性能调控

郭燕娜¹, 黄琪帏¹, 许锦胜¹, 丁呈凤¹, 黄文胜², 李凯², 丁彬³, 俞建勇³, 王先锋¹^,³()

1.东华大学纺织学院, 上海 201620
2.山东俊富净化科技有限公司, 山东东营 257091
3.东华大学纺织科技创新中心, 上海 200051

收稿日期:2025-02-28 修回日期:2025-05-22 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-10-15
通讯作者: 王先锋(1981—),男,教授,博士。主要研究方向为纺织材料与纺织品设计。E-mail:wxf@dhu.edu.cn。
作者简介:郭燕娜(1998—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为熔喷非织造保暖材料。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52473027);“纺织之光”中国纺织工业联合会应用基础研究计划项目(J202403)

Melt-blown rapid thermal exchange technology enabled construction of lightweight highly elastic thermal insulation batts with performance modulation

GUO Yanna¹, HUANG Qiwei¹, XU Jinsheng¹, DING Chengfeng¹, HUANG Wensheng², LI Kai², DING Bin³, YU Jianyong³, WANG Xianfeng¹^,³()

1. College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
2. Shandong Junfu Purification Technology Co., Ltd., Dongying, Shandong 257091, China
3. Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China

Received:2025-02-28 Revised:2025-05-22 Published:2025-10-15 Online:2025-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对熔喷复合保暖絮片存在的保暖性能不佳,生产中物料损耗大、絮片结构不稳定等问题,提出了一种熔喷快速热交换策略,以高效制备轻质、蓬松且具有良好弹性的保暖纤维絮片。该策略的核心在于通过优化熔喷工艺中的快速热交换过程,显著提升纤维的成形速率和絮片结构的稳定性。通过该策略制备的纤维结晶度高(47.21%),纤维直径超细(平均直径为2.88 μm),从而赋予纤维絮片良好的力学性能和保暖性能,使其具有高的断裂应力(1 200 Pa)和较大的断裂应变,在500次循环压缩中仅出现5%的塑性形变。结果表明:所得厚度为4 mm的纤维絮片的孔隙率高达99.13%,密度低至13.40 mg/cm³,导热系数为25.50 mW/(m·K),克罗值为2.02 clo,热阻为0.31 m²·K/W,具有优异的保暖性能。

关键词: 熔喷工艺, 热交换, 纤维絮片, 轻质保暖, 弹性

Abstract:

Objective Low-temperature environments pose significant risks to human health, necessitating advanced thermal insulation materials to maintain body temperature. Melt-blown ultra-fine fiber-based materials, characterized by small pore size and high porosity, hold great potential for thermal insulation applications. However, conventional melt-blown materials suffer from complex processing, poor mechanical stability, and insufficient thermal performance. Therefore, developing a simplified method to fabricate melt-blown insulation materials with balanced mechanical properties and excellent thermal insulation is critical.

Method Polypropylene (PP)-based lightweight elastic fiber batts were produced via melt-blown nonwoven technology. A novel approach was employed to control the melt-environment heat exchange rate by adjusting hot-air temperature (140-200 ℃) during processing, enabling the fabrication of batts with tunable loftiness. The influence of temperature on fiber morphology, crystallinity, mechanical resi-lience, and thermal insulation was systematically studied. This strategy allowed analysis between process parameters and structural and functional properties, providing a scalable route for optimizing insulation materials.

Results The material exhibited a three-dimensional lofted structure fabricated in a single step, with an average pore size of 11.2 μm, porosity of 99.13%, and ultra-low bulk density of 13.40 mg/cm³. Reduced hot-air temperature during processing slowed fiber crystallization, yielding fibers with a fine diameter of 2.88 μm and enhanced crystallinity (47.21%). Mechanically, the batt demonstrated high fracture stress (1 200 Pa) and elongation at break, retaining over 85% of its initial compressive stress after 500 compression cycles at 50% strain, highlighting exceptional fatigue resistance. Thermally, a 4-mm-thick sample (70 g/m²) achieved a low thermal conductivity of 25.50 mW/(m·K), a clo value of 2.02, and thermal resistance of 0.31 m²·K/W, confirming its superior insulation performance across extreme conditions.

Conclusion This study shows that lowering hot-air temperature during melt-blown processing creates coarser fibers with higher crystallinity, and thicker and more porous batts, and improves both mechanical strength and thermal insulation. Optimal parameters allow the production of lightweight yet durable insulation with excellent heat resistance, advancing melt-blown technology. These insights guide the design of high-performance thermal insulation for extreme environments.

Key words: melt-blown process, thermal exchange, fiber batt, lightweight and warm, elasticity

中图分类号:

TS176.7

郭燕娜, 黄琪帏, 许锦胜, 丁呈凤, 黄文胜, 李凯, 丁彬, 俞建勇, 王先锋. 熔喷快速热交换技术构建轻质高弹保暖絮片及其性能调控[J]. 纺织学报, 2025, 46(10): 39-45.

GUO Yanna, HUANG Qiwei, XU Jinsheng, DING Chengfeng, HUANG Wensheng, LI Kai, DING Bin, YU Jianyong, WANG Xianfeng. Melt-blown rapid thermal exchange technology enabled construction of lightweight highly elastic thermal insulation batts with performance modulation[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2025, 46(10): 39-45.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20250202801

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V46/I10/39

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试样编号	平均直径/μm	结晶度/%
MB-200	1.18	22.88
MB-170	1.68	30.86
MB-140	2.88	47.21

试样编号	孔隙率/%	密度/(mg·cm^-3)
MB-200	94.83	19.12
MB-170	95.59	14.39
MB-140	99.13	13.40

试样编号	热阻/ (m²·K·W^-1)	克罗值/ clo	导热系数/ (mW·(m·K)^-1)
MB-200	0.18	1.15	35.82
MB-170	0.24	1.56	30.93
MB-140	0.31	2.02	25.50

熔喷快速热交换技术构建轻质高弹保暖絮片及其性能调控

Melt-blown rapid thermal exchange technology enabled construction of lightweight highly elastic thermal insulation batts with performance modulation

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