纤维基比色气体传感器研究现状和发展趋势

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20250306802

纺织学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 259-267.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20250306802

纤维基比色气体传感器研究现状和发展趋势

王嘉禧¹^,², 袁国澍², 陈晓宇², 陈双婷¹^,², 缪莹¹^,², 付驰宇¹^,², 唐文杨¹^,²()

1.武汉纺织大学纺织新材料与先进加工全国重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430200
2.武汉纺织大学纺织科学与工程学院, 湖北武汉 430200

收稿日期:2025-03-31 修回日期:2025-11-11 出版日期:2026-01-15 发布日期:2026-01-15
通讯作者: 唐文杨(1994—),女,副教授,博士。主要研究方向为传感/能源型纤维材料。E-mail:wytang@wtu.edu.cn。
作者简介:王嘉禧(2000—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为智能纺织新材料。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52403360);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52403359);湖北省自然科学基金面上项目(2025AFB896);纺织新材料与先进加工全国重点实验室开放基金(FZ2025044);纺织新材料与先进加工全国重点实验室开放基金(FZJW2024001);纺织新材料与先进加工全国重点实验室开放基金(2024武汉纺织大学校基金特别专项);纺织新材料及其应用研究湖北省重点实验开放课题项目(FZXCL202415)

Research status and development trends of fiber-based colorimetric gas sensors

WANG Jiaxi¹^,², YUAN Guoshu², CHEN Xiaoyu², CHEN Shuangting¹^,², MIAO Ying¹^,², FU Chiyu¹^,², TANG Wenyang¹^,²()

1. State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei 430200, China
2. College of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei 430200, China

Received:2025-03-31 Revised:2025-11-11 Published:2026-01-15 Online:2026-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为开发便携、可视化的柔性气体污染物监测设备,以满足人们对当前环境安全及健康防护的迫切需求,综述了基于纺织纤维材料的比色式气体传感器的研究现状及发展趋势,详细阐述了比色传感器的原理、响应材料种类及制备方法(如浸渍法、静电纺丝法、冷冻干燥法等),并分类介绍了其在化学战剂、挥发性有机物、硫化氢和氨气检测中的应用,探讨了纤维基比色传感器发展应用存在的问题及未来的发展方向。认为:目前纤维基比色传感器在灵敏度、选择性和响应时间等方面表现出色,且可通过智能手机等设备实现无仪器化检测。未来纤维基比色传感器将在稳定性、多功能集成和低成本制备方面进一步发展,为环境监测和可穿戴设备提供重要技术支持。

关键词: 比色传感, 气体响应, 纤维材料, 纤维基气体传感, 比色响应材料, 气体监测

Abstract:

Significance Fiber-based colorimetric gas sensor is a new sensing technology that enables visual detection of gas pollutants based on color changes, which has the advantages of portability, high sensitivity and low cost. As air pollution becomes a growing problem, conventional gas detection methods rely on expensive equipment and specialized personnel for real-time monitoring. This paper systematically review the sensing principles, response materials, and preparation methods (such as impregnation method, electrospinning method, etc.) of fiber-based colorimetric sensors and their applications in the detection of chemical warfare agents, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and ammonia gas (NH₃), together with the challenges and future development directions of fiber-based colorimetric sensors. This research provides an important theoretical basis and technical reference for the development of high-performance and wearable gas sensors, and is of great significance for promoting the development of environmental safety monitoring, industrial protection and smart wearable devices.

Progress This paper systematically reviews the latest progress and representative achievements of fiber-based colorimetric gas sensors. In terms of materials, a variety of response systems based on dyes (e.g., chlorophenol red, bromocresol violet), noble metals (silver, gold nanoparticles) and fluorescent probes have been developed, which significantly improve the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor. In terms of preparation process, electrospinning, wet spinning, freeze-drying and novel spinning technologies have been innovatively used for constructing fiber-based sensors with high specific surface area. In terms of applications, detection of toxic gases such as chemical warfare agents, NH₃, H₂S and have been achieved, and the potential of wearable applications was demonstrated through patterned textile integration. Representative achievements include LiCl/cellulose-based fibers for NH₃ sensing, ionic liquid/lead acetate nanofiber yarns for H₂S monitoring, and so on. These advances provide an important foundation for the development of portable and intelligent fiber-based gas sensing devices.

Conclusion and Prospect This study systematically reviews the latest research progress of fiber-based colorimetric gas sensors, focusing on their application potential in the fields of environmental monitoring and wearable devices. The results show that fiber-based colorimetric gas sensors show excellent performance in the detection of harmful gases such as NH₃ and H₂S. However, there are still three major problems in current research: the lack of environmental stability of colorimetric sensing materials, the immaturity of mass production processes, and the susceptibility to cross-interference when multifunctional integration. Based on the existing results, this paper puts forward three important points: fiber-based sensors have the potential to be served as portable gas-monitoring devices, material and method innovation is the key to breaking through performance bottlenecks, and intelligence is the future development direction. For instance, a proposed strategy can be conducted by strategically integrating heterogeneous responsive materials and engineering multi-analyte recognition units. These innovative platforms enable simultaneous monitoring of gaseous species, ionic compounds, and biomolecules within complex environmental and biological matrices. Also, incorporating advanced flexible electronics, microfluidic networks, and wireless communication modules can significantly enhance the functional capabilities of fiber-based colorimetric sensors. In terms of application, fiber-based colorimetric sensors with customizable designs hold significant potential for addressing interindividual variability in physiological monitoring. By controlling sensor composition and response properties, these wearable platforms enable real-time, continuous tracking of critical biomarkers, including disease-related analytes, therapeutic drug levels, and nutritional metabolites, which will provide more accurate diagnostic criteria and treatment effect evaluation methods for personalized medicine and facilitate the development of precision medicine.

Key words: colorimetric sensing, gas response, fibrous material, textile-based gas sensing, colorimetric responsive material, gas monitoring

中图分类号:

TS101.3

王嘉禧, 袁国澍, 陈晓宇, 陈双婷, 缪莹, 付驰宇, 唐文杨. 纤维基比色气体传感器研究现状和发展趋势[J]. 纺织学报, 2026, 47(1): 259-267.

WANG Jiaxi, YUAN Guoshu, CHEN Xiaoyu, CHEN Shuangting, MIAO Ying, FU Chiyu, TANG Wenyang. Research status and development trends of fiber-based colorimetric gas sensors[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2026, 47(1): 259-267.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20250306802

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V47/I1/259

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响应材料	材料名称	识别气体种类	颜色反应
指示染料	氯酚红	NH₃	橘黄色→紫色
	醋酸铅	H₂S	白色→黄色
	花青素	NH₃	紫色→蓝绿色
	溴甲酚紫	CH₂O	蓝色→黄色
	溴百里酚蓝	NH₃	黄色→蓝色
	甲基红	HCL	黄色→红色
贵金属	银	H₂S	银色→黑色
	金	H₂S	金色→棕色/黑色
	银	NH₃	银色→黑色
荧光探针	二氨基荧光素(DAF-2)	NO	无荧光→绿色荧光
	萘二甲酰亚胺衍生物	C₆H₆	蓝色→绿色
	香豆素衍生物	SO₂	蓝色→绿色

纤维基比色气体传感器研究现状和发展趋势

Research status and development trends of fiber-based colorimetric gas sensors

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