Journal of Textile Research ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (07): 167-173.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20190805907

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Research progress in preparation and application of flexible zirconia nanofibers by electrospinning

WU Hong, LIU Chengkun(), MAO Xue, YANG Zhi, CHEN Meiyu   

  1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
  • Received:2019-08-26 Revised:2020-04-12 Online:2020-07-15 Published:2020-07-23
  • Contact: LIU Chengkun E-mail:fzlck@126.com

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Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of insufficient flexibility of zirconia (ZrO2) nanofibers in the existing preparation methods, the research progress in the recent years in the application of electrospinning technology in the preparation of flexible ZrO2 nanofiber membranes was reviewed. Based on the existing research results, the process of electrospinning flexible ZrO2 nanofiber membranes was systematically described from three aspects, which are precursor solution, electrospinning process and calcination temperature. The morphology, pore structure and crystal structure of the flexible ZrO2 were summarized. The applications of flexible ZrO2 nanofiber membranes in energy, biology and other fields were introduced. The analysis shows that the flexible ZrO2 nanofiber membrane prepared by electrospinning technology has a series of excellent properties such as large specific surface area and high heat resistance. However, it still has the disadvantage of relatively poor toughness of the fiber membrane, which fails to meet the requirements of actual working conditions. It is pointed out that improving the overall mechanical properties of flexible ZrO2 nanofiber membranes and mass-producing them to meet practical applications should be the focus of future research.

Key words: electrospinning, zirconia, nanofiber membrane, preparation techniques

CLC Number: 

  • TQ340.64

Tab.1

Summary of precursor solution composition of flexible ZrO2 nanofiber membrane prepared by electrospinning"

组分 功能 原料 参考文献
锆源 提供锆元素 正丙醇锆、醋酸锆、氧化锆分散体、
乙酰丙酮锆、氧氯化锆		 [16-20]
高分子聚合物 提高溶液的可纺性 聚环氧乙烷、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、
左旋聚乳酸、聚丙烯腈、聚己内酯		 [21-26]
稳定剂 抑制氧化锆晶型转变 氧化钇、氧化铝、氧化铁 [27-29]

Tab. 2

Preparation process of flexible ZrO2 nanofiber membrane in different application fields"

前驱体溶液 纺丝参数 煅烧工艺 应用 参考文献
电压/
kV		 距离/
cm		 速度/
(mL·h-1)
聚丙烯腈/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮/
N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/异丙醇锆		 15 - 1.1 2 ℃/min、270 ℃
(2 h,空气气氛);
2 ℃/min、1 100 ℃
(1 h, 氮气气氛)		 染料敏化
太阳能电池		 [43]
聚丙烯腈/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮/乙酸/N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/异丙醇锆 15 12 1.1 270 ℃ (2 h, 空气气氛)
2 ℃/min、1 100 ℃
(1 h, 氮气气氛)		 染料敏化
太阳能电池		 [44]
正丙醇锆/六水乙酸钇/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 15 1 20 5 ℃/min、850 ℃
(空气气氛)		 骨组织支架 [45]
氧化锆/氧化钇/二氧化硅 - - - 1 200 ℃
(空气气氛)		 牙科复合材料 [46]
乙酸锆/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮/六水氯化铝 25 20 1 5 ℃/min、850 ℃
(2 h, 空气气氛)		 红外隐身材料 [47]
聚乙烯醇/正硅酸乙酯/二甘醇/磷酸/过氧化氢/丙酮/乙醇/醋酸铋 16 15 1 800 ℃
(4 h, 空气气氛)		 红外隐身材料 [48]
氧化锆/聚环氧乙烷/聚乙酰丙酮锆/甲醇/五水硝酸铒/六水硝酸镱 17.5 20 2 1 000 ℃
(1 h, 空气气氛)		 发光材料 [49]
乙酸锆/六水硝酸钇/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 25 20 1 5 ℃/min、1 200 ℃
(2 h, 空气气氛)		 腐蚀性液体过滤 [40]
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