纺织学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (03): 83-89.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20180300107

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于短链含氟丙烯酸酯细乳液的棉织物拒水拒油整理

钱海洪1,2, 王鸿博1,2(), 杜金梅1,2, 傅佳佳1,2, 王文聪1,2   

  1. 1.江南大学 江苏省功能纺织品工程技术研究中心, 江苏 无锡 214122
    2.生态纺织教育部重点实验室(江南大学), 江苏 无锡 214122
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-01 修回日期:2018-08-21 出版日期:2019-03-15 发布日期:2019-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 王鸿博
  • 作者简介:钱海洪(1992—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为功能纺织材料。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB0309100);江苏省产学研前瞻性研究项目(BY2016022-23)

Water and oil repellent finishing of cotton fabric based on fluoroacrylate miniemulsion

QIAN Haihong1,2, WANG Hongbo1,2(), DU Jinmei1,2, FU Jiajia1,2, WANG Wencong1,2   

  1. 1. Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Functional Textiles, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles(Jiangnan University), Ministry of Education, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
  • Received:2018-03-01 Revised:2018-08-21 Online:2019-03-15 Published:2019-03-15
  • Contact: WANG Hongbo

摘要:

针对织物拒水拒油整理过程中出现的环境污染、整理效果不佳以及耐洗牢度差等问题,通过细乳液聚合法合成了四碳短链含氟丙烯酸酯细乳液,考察了其对棉织物的拒水拒油整理效果。以单因素分析法探讨预处理方式、细乳液质量浓度、预烘工艺及焙烘工艺对棉织物的水油接触角的影响,得到等离子体预处理棉织物拒水拒油整理的最佳工艺条件:细乳液质量浓度为60 g/L,浸渍时间为30 min,80 ℃预烘3 min,160 ℃焙烘3 min。在此最佳条件下,棉织物对水、橄榄油和十六烷的接触角分别为160°、154°、135°;经30次洗涤后,棉织物对水、橄榄油和十六烷的接触角分别为145°、133°、113°;整理后棉织物的折皱回复角提高36%,断裂强力及白度均无明显下降。

关键词: 含氟丙烯酸酯, 拒水拒油整理, 棉织物, 等离子体预处理

Abstract:

In view of the problems of environmental pollution,poor finishing effect and washing fastness in the process of water and oil repellent finishing, a C4 short chain fluorinated acrylate miniemulsion was synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization,and its influence on water and oil repellent finishing of cotton fabric was investigated. The influence of pretreatment method, mass concentration of miniemulsion and drying/curing process on the contact angle of cotton fabric were discussed by univariate analysis. The experimental results show that the water and oil repellent properties of cotton fabric achieve the optimal effect under the conditions of the mass concentration of miniemulsion 60 g/L,the immersion time 30 min, drying at 80 ℃ for 3 min and curing at 160 ℃ for 3 min. In this process, the contact angle of cotton fabric to water is 160°,to olive oil is 154°,to hexadecane is 135°. After 30 times of washing,the contact angle of cotton fabric to water is 145°,to olive oil is 133° and to hexadecane is 113°. In addition, the crease recovery angle of the treated fabric increases by 36%, and the breaking strength and whiteness have no significant decrease.

Key words: fluoroacrylate, water and oil repellent finishing, cotton fabric, plasma pretreatment

中图分类号: 

  • TS195.5

图1

细乳液聚合合成路线"

表1

预处理方法对棉织物接触角的影响"

预处理方法 接触角
橄榄油 十六烷
原样 148 138 114
等离子体预处理 151 140 120
超声波预处理 150 138 117

图2

细乳液质量浓度对棉织物接触角的影响"

图3

预烘温度对棉织物接触角的影响"

图4

预烘时间对棉织物接触角的影响"

表2

焙烘温度对棉织物接触角的影响"

焙烘温度/℃ 接触角/(°) 白度/%
橄榄油 十六烷
140 153 149 128 75
150 156 152 130 70
160 160 154 135 69
170 157 153 133 61
180 158 151 132 57

表3

焙烘时间对棉织物接触角的影响"

焙烘时间/min 接触角/(°) 白度/%
橄榄油 十六烷
1 152 147 125 76
2 157 150 129 74
3 160 154 135 73
4 159 151 136 69
5 158 150 132 62

图5

含氟丙烯酸酯聚合物乳胶膜的红外光谱"

图6

聚合物乳胶膜的XPS谱图"

图7

整理前后棉织物的SEM照片(×5 000)"

图8

整理前后棉织物XPS谱图"

表4

织物表面元素含量"

试样 C O F
棉织物原样 66.49 33.51
整理后棉织物 41.15 16.25 42.60

图9

洗涤次数对棉织物接触角的影响"

图10

不同洗涤次数下棉织物接触角效果图"

表5

整理前后棉织物的服用性能"

织物 断裂强力/N 折皱回复角/(°)
经向 纬向 急弹 缓弹
棉织物原样 674 332 136 157
最佳工艺整理棉织物 667 316 185 213
变化率/% -1.2 -4.8 36.1 36.0
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