纺织学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (05): 112-120.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20190402809

• 染整与化学品 • 上一篇    下一篇

阻燃抗菌棉织物的制备及其性能表征

周青青1,2, 陈嘉毅2, 祁珍明2, 陈为健2, 邵建中1   

  1. 1.浙江理工大学 纺织科学与工程学院(国际丝绸学院), 浙江 杭州 310018
    2.盐城工学院 纺织服装学院, 江苏 盐城 224051
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-05 修回日期:2019-12-12 出版日期:2020-05-15 发布日期:2020-06-02
  • 作者简介:周青青(1983—),女,博士生。主要研究方向为纳米材料及织物功能整理。

Preparation and characterization of flame retardant and antibacterial cotton fabric

ZHOU Qingqing1,2, CHEN Jiayi2, QI Zhenming2, CHEN Weijian2, SHAO Jianzhong1   

  1. 1. College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2. College of Textiles and Clothing, Yancheng Institute of Technology,Yancheng, Jiangsu 224051, China
  • Received:2019-04-05 Revised:2019-12-12 Online:2020-05-15 Published:2020-06-02

摘要:

为赋予织物多功能性,解决纳米材料在织物表面的分散均匀性问题,采用植酸与三聚氰胺制备植酸铵盐,赋予织物阻燃性能。在此基础上,阻燃织物表面原位生长纳米银,制备阻燃抗菌多功能纺织品。通过正交试验分析方法对织物阻燃整理和抗菌整理工艺进行优化,并通过红外光谱、扫描电镜、能谱、热重分析等技术手段对织物进行表征。研究结果表明:织物经植酸铵盐二浸二轧整理后,其极限氧指数可达35%以上,其耐水洗性能提高;对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有良好的抑菌作用;整理织物表面粗糙,含有P、N、Ag等元素,织物表面成功接枝植酸铵盐和Ag纳米颗粒,且分布均匀;植酸铵盐和植酸铵盐-Ag对织物表面形成炭层有一定影响,其燃烧后的炭渣量比未整理织物增加了27%。

关键词: 植酸铵盐, 纳米银, 阻燃整理, 抗菌整理, 原位生长, 棉织物功能整理

Abstract:

In order to enable the fabrics with multi-functions and solve the problem of uniformity of nano-materials on the surface of fabrics, ammonium phytate was synthesized from phytic acid and melamine, which were economically and environmentally friendly and hence widely used. The flame-retardant property of the fabric was endowed with ammonium phytate and in-situ growth of nano-silver on the surface of flame-retardant fabrics to prepare flame-retardant and anti-bacterial multi-functional textiles. The flame retardant and antimicrobial finishing processes of fabrics were optimized by orthogonal test analysis. The fabrics were characterized by infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. The results show that the limiting oxygen index of the fabric reaches more than 35% after two-dip and two-roll finishing with ammonium phytate salt, and the washing resistance of the fabric is shown possible to be improved. The flame-retardant fabrics have good bacteriostatic effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by in situ growth of nano silver. The surface of the finished fabric became rough and contains P, N and Ag, which indicates that ammonium phytate and Ag nanoparticles uniformed distribution are successfully grafted on the surface of the fabric. Finishing agent(PA-N, PA-N-Ag) have a certain effect on the formation of carbon layer on the surface of fabrics, and the amount of charcoal slag after burning is 27% higher than that of the original fabrics.

Key words: ammonium phytate, nano-Ag, flame retardant finishing, antibacterial finishing, in-situ growth, function finishing of cotton fabric

中图分类号: 

  • TS195

图1

PA-N反应示意图"

表1

阻燃整理因素水平表"

水平 A
植酸铵盐
质量浓度/
(g·L-1)
B
双氰胺
质量浓度/
(g·L-1)
C
焙烘
温度/℃
D
焙烘
时间/
min
1 5 10 160 3
2 15 20 180 2
3 25 30 200 1

表2

抗菌整理因素水平表"

水平 A
硝酸银
溶液体积/mL
B
氨水体积/
mL
C
柠檬酸
三钠体积/mL
D
时间/
h
1 10 3 5 0.5
2 15 7 10 1.0
3 20 10 10 1.5

图2

PA、PA-N、MM的红外谱图"

表3

织物阻燃整理正交试验结果分析"

试验号 A
植酸铵盐
质量浓度/
(g·L-1)
B
双氰胺
质量浓度/
(g·L-1)
C
焙烘
温度/
D
焙烘
时间/
min
极限氧
指数/%
1 5 10 160 1 23
2 5 20 180 2 27
3 5 30 200 3 20
4 15 10 180 3 24
5 15 20 200 1 40
6 15 30 160 2 25
7 25 30 200 2 32
8 25 10 160 3 25
9 25 20 180 1 37
k1 23.33 24.00 24.33 33.33
k2 29.67 34.67 29.33 28.00
k3 31.33 25.67 30.66 23.00
极差 8.00 10.67 6.33 10.33

表4

织物抗菌整理正交试验结果分析表"

试验
A
硝酸
银溶液
体积/mL
B
氨水
体积/mL
C
柠檬
酸三钠
体积/mL
D
时间/
h
质量
增加率/
%
1 10 3 5 0.5 0.33
2 10 7 10 1.0 0.11
3 10 10 15 1.5 1.43
4 15 3 15 1.5 1.06
5 15 7 10 0.5 1.28
6 15 10 15 1.0 0.46
7 20 10 5 1.0 0.31
8 20 3 10 1.5 0.11
9 20 7 2 0.5 0.09
k1 0.61 0.57 0.30 0.57
k2 0.93 0.50 0.42 0.63
k3 0.17 0.66 1.01 0.87
极差 0.76 0.16 0.71 0.30

表5

织物的极限氧指数"

整理织物 织物水洗前后的极限氧指数/%
水洗前 洗1次 洗5次 洗10次
原织物 19 18 18 18
PA 32 21 18 18
PA-N 38 35 30 28
PA-N-Ag 33 29 27 25

表6

织物垂直燃烧试验数据"

整理
织物
水洗
次数
续燃
时间/s
阴燃
时间/s
碳长/
cm
PA 0 0 0 7.5
PA-N 0 0 0 5.6
0 0 0 6.0
PA-N-Ag 1 0 0 6.8
5 0.8 0 8.2
10 2.6 0 10.3

图3

不同整理织物的红外谱图"

图4

不同织物抑菌示意图"

图5

原织物扫描电镜及部分能谱图(×15 000)"

图6

PA织物扫描电镜及部分能谱图(×15 000)"

图7

PA-N织物扫描电镜及部分能谱图(×15 000)"

图8

PA-N-Ag织物扫描电镜及部分能谱图(×15 000)"

图9

不同织物燃烧前后扫描电镜照片"

图10

不同织物燃烧前后的X衍射图"

图11

不同织物TG及DTG曲线"

[1] OATWAY L, VASANTHAN T, HELM J H. Phytic acid[J]. Food Reviews International, 2001,17(4):419-431.
[2] ISHILAWA T, NAKATSURU Y, ZARKOVIE M, et al. Inhibition of skin cancer by IP6 invivo initiation- promotion model[J]. Anticancer Res, 1999,19(5A):49-52.
[3] LAUFER G, KIRKLAND C, MORGAN A B, et al. Intumescent multilayer nanocoating, made with renewable polyelectrolytes, for flame-retardant cotton[J]. Biomacromolecules, 2012,13, 2843-2848.
doi: 10.1021/bm300873b pmid: 22897635
[4] MILSOM E V, PERROTT H R, PETER L M, et al. Redox processes in mesoporous oxide membranes: layered TiO2 phytate and TiO2 flavin adenine dinucleotide films[J]. Langmuir, 2005,21(21):9482-9487.
doi: 10.1021/la0506325 pmid: 16207025
[5] 冯屏, 冯小兵, 徐玉佩. 植酸与金属离子络合的研究[J]. 中国油脂, 2006,31(8):63-66.
FENG Ping, FENG Xiaobing, XU Yupei. Complexation of phytic acid with metal ions[J]. China Oils and Fats, 2006,31(8):63-66.
[6] COULIBALY A, KOUAKOU B, CHEN J. Phytic acid in cereal grains: structure, healthy or harmful ways to reduce phytic acid in cereal grains and their effects on nutritional quality[J]. American Journal of Plant Nutrition & Fertilization Technology, 2011,1(1):1-22.
[7] CREA P, DE STEFANO C, MILEA D, et al. Speciation of phytate ion in aqueous solution[J]. Biophysical Chemistry, 2007,128(2/3):176-184.
[8] 徐婕, 于鹏美, 陈忠立, 等. 采用静电层层自组装法制备阻燃蚕丝织物的工艺条件及产品性能测试[J]. 蚕业科学, 2014,40(1):75-80.
XU Jie, YU Pengmei, CHEN Zhongli, et al. Technological condition and properties testing of flame-retardant silk fabrics prepared by electrostatic layer-by-layer self-assembly procedure[J]. Science of Sericulture, 2014,40(1):75-80.
[9] 刘会亮, 叶周华, 关晋平, 等. 新型棉用膨胀型阻燃体系[J]. 印染, 2014(17):5-7.
LIU Huiliang, YE Zhouhua, GUAN Jinping, et al. New type flame retardant system for cotton[J]. China Printing & Dyeing, 2014(17):5-7.
[10] CHENG X W, GUAN J P, TANG R C, et al. Phytic acid as a bio-based phosphorus flame retardant for poly(lactic acid) nonwoven fabric[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016,124:114-119.
[11] CHENG X W, GUAN J P, CHEN G, et al. Adsorption and flame retardant properties of bio-based phytic acid on wool fabric[J]. Polymers, 2016,8(4):122-129.
[12] CHENG X W, LIANG C X, GUAN J P, et al. Flame retardant and hydrophobic properties of novel sol-gel derived phytic acid/silica hybrid organic-inorganic coatings for silk fabric[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2017,12:886-893.
[1] 杨雅茹, 沈小军, 唐柏林, 牛梅. 超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的无卤阻燃整理[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(11): 109-115.
[2] 张艳艳, 詹璐瑶, 王培, 耿俊昭, 付飞亚, 刘向东. 用无机纳米粒子制备耐久性抗菌棉织物的研究进展[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(11): 174-180.
[3] 唐峰, 余厚咏, 周颖, 李营战, 姚菊明, 王闯, 金万慧. 聚(3-羟基丁酸-co-3-羟基戊酸共聚酯)复合膜的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(09): 8-15.
[4] 王晓菲, 万爱兰. 紫外线辐照聚吡咯/银导电涤纶织物的制备[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(04): 112-116.
[5] 赵兵, 黄小萃, 祁宁, 钟洲, 车明国, 葛亮亮. 基于共价结合的纳米银抗菌棉织物研究进展[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(03): 188-196.
[6] 林佳濛, 万爱兰, 缪旭红. 聚吡咯/银导电涤纶织物的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(03): 113-117.
[7] 丁放, 任学宏. 磷氮阻燃剂对涤纶织物的阻燃整理[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(03): 100-105.
[8] 徐爱玲, 王春梅. 植酸的铵化及其对Lyocell 织物的阻燃整理[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(02): 83-88.
[9] 高思梦, 王鸿博, 杜金梅, 王文聪. 甜菜碱聚合物的合成及其在棉织物抗菌整理中的应用[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(02): 89-94.
[10] 高雪, 李政, 巩继贤, 李秋瑾, 李凤艳, 张健飞. 新型纺织用生物基抗菌整理剂的研究进展[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(02): 187-192.
[11] 易领, 张何, 傅昕, 李雯. 石墨烯基锆钛复合材料改性棉织物的制备及其远红外发射性能 [J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(01): 102-109.
[12] 王访鹤, 王锐, 魏丽菲, 王照颖, 张安莹, 王德义. 层层自组装阻燃改性聚酯织物的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40(11): 106-112.
[13] 任元林, 姜丽娜, 霍同国, 田甜. 聚丙烯腈无卤阻燃及其抑烟技术研究进展[J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40(07): 182-188.
[14] 关晋平, 匡小慧, 唐人成, 陈国强. 氯化铁对多巴胺改性蚕丝织物的功能整理[J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40(02): 130-134.
[15] 周莉, 王鸿博, 杜金梅, 傅佳佳, 王文聪. 聚磺酸甜菜碱的合成及在棉织物抗菌整理中应用[J]. 纺织学报, 2019, 40(01): 84-90.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!