纺织学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (08): 22-26.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20190604305

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

SiO2气凝胶/聚酯-聚乙烯双组分纤维复合保暖材料的制备及其性能

张凌云, 钱晓明(), 邹驰, 邹志伟   

  1. 天津工业大学 纺织科学与工程学院, 天津 300387
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-18 修回日期:2020-05-14 出版日期:2020-08-15 发布日期:2020-08-21
  • 通讯作者: 钱晓明
  • 作者简介:张凌云(1997—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为非织造过滤材料。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U1607117);天津市应用基础与前沿技术计划项目(16JCZDJC36400);天津市科技计划项目(17PTSYJC00150);中国工程院“先进基础材料强国战略研究课题”子项目(2018-ZD-03)

Preparation and properties of SiO2 aerogel/polyester-polyethylene bicomponent fiber composite thermal insulation materials

ZHANG Lingyun, QIAN Xiaoming(), ZOU Chi, ZOU Zhiwei   

  1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
  • Received:2019-06-18 Revised:2020-05-14 Online:2020-08-15 Published:2020-08-21
  • Contact: QIAN Xiaoming

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摘要：

为开发综合性能优异的复合保暖非织造材料,以聚酯-聚乙烯(PET-PE)双组分皮芯结构复合纤维为主体,通过热风工艺,采用自然沉降法使SiO2气凝胶粉末粘附于复合纤维表面,制得SiO2气凝胶/聚酯-聚乙烯纤维复合非织造材料。对复合非织造材料表面SiO2气凝胶粉末质量分数、微观结构、保暖性能、压缩回弹性能、拉伸性能、透气性能进行测试与分析。结果表明:SiO2气凝胶粉末与聚酯-聚乙烯复合纤维可有效结合,SiO2气凝胶粉末的加入对纤维网具有一定的支撑作用,提升了复合非织造材料的压缩回弹性能、拉伸性能,同时因增加了纤维间静止空气的含量,使复合非织造材料的保暖性能得到提升。

关键词: SiO2气凝胶, 聚酯-聚乙烯双组分纤维, 热风工艺, 非织造材料, 复合保暖材料

Abstract:

Aiming to develop a composite thermal insulation nonwovens with better comprehensive properties, the polyester-polyethylene fiber with a bicomponent skin/core structure was used as the main composite, the SiO2 aerogel powder was adhesioned on composite fiber surface by natural sedimentation method, the composite nonwoven materials with SiO2 aerogel/polyester-polyethylene fiber were made by hot-blast nonwoven production line. The content of SiO2 aerogel powder, microstructure, thermal insulation, elastic energy of compression, tensile property and permeability of the composite were studied. Results show that the SiO2 aerogel powder and polyester-polyethylene fiber web can be effectively combined, the addition of SiO2 aerogel powder has a certain supporting effect to polyester-polyethylene fiber, which can enhance the compressive elastic energy and tensile properties of the nonwoven composites. Meanwhile, due to the increase of still air between fibers, the thermal insulation performance of the composites is also improved.

Key words: SiO2 aerogel, polyester-polyethylene bicomponent fiber, hot-blast technology, nonwoven material, composite thermal insulation material

中图分类号: 

  • TS176

图1

生产流程"

表1

试样参数设置"

试样
编号		 纤维线密
度/tex		 纤维网厚
度/mm		 纤维网面密度/
(g·m-2)		 SiO2粉末质
量分数/%
1# 0.3 5.45 61.3 0
2# 0.3 5.79 62.1 5
3# 0.3 5.42 59.6 10
4# 0.3 5.97 62.4 15
5# 0.3 5.81 60.5 20
6# 0.1 3.77 60.2 0
7# 0.1 3.79 59.3 5
8# 0.1 3.58 60.4 10
9# 0.1 3.07 58.2 15
10# 0.1 3.28 59.8 20

表2

复合保暖材料表面SiO2粉末质量分数"

试样
编号		 纤维网质量/g SiO2气凝胶
质量分数/%
热风处理前 热风处理后
1# 3.83 3.83 0.0
2# 3.88 3.96 2.0
3# 3.72 3.87 4.0
4# 3.90 4.14 6.2
5# 3.78 4.09 8.2
6# 3.76 3.76 0.0
7# 3.71 3.78 2.0
8# 3.77 3.93 4.2
9# 3.64 3.88 6.6
10# 3.74 4.06 8.5

图2

SiO2气凝胶/PET-PE复合保暖材料表面的微观结构"

图3

SiO2气凝胶粉末质量分数与克罗值变化曲线"

图4

SiO2气凝胶粉末质量分数与压缩回弹率变化曲线"

图5

SiO2气凝胶粉末质量分数与断裂强力变化曲线"

图6

SiO2气凝胶粉末质量分数与透气率变化曲线"

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