高强度聚氯乙烯中空纤维膜的制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20190904105

纺织学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (09): 16-20.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20190904105

高强度聚氯乙烯中空纤维膜的制备及其性能

梅硕¹(), 李金超², 卢士艳¹, 肖长发³, 杨勇¹, 冯向伟²

1.中原工学院纺织学院, 河南郑州 450007
2.河南工程学院纺织学院, 河南郑州 451191
3.天津工业大学分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室, 天津 300387

收稿日期:2019-09-16 修回日期:2020-06-08 出版日期:2020-09-15 发布日期:2020-09-25
作者简介:梅硕(1983—),女,讲师,博士。主要研究方向为分离膜材料。E-mail: meishuo2013@126.com。
基金资助:
中国纺织工业联合会科技指导性项目(2018067);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(16B540001);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(14A540004);天津市省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室项目(M2-201601);中国工程院“先进基础材料强国战略研究课题”子项目(2018-ZD-03)

Preparation and properties of high strength polyvinyl chloride hollow fiber membrane

MEI Shuo¹(), LI Jinchao², LU Shiyan¹, XIAO Changfa³, YANG Yong¹, FENG Xiangwei²

1. School of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, China
2. School of Textiles, Henan University of Engineering, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China

Received:2019-09-16 Revised:2020-06-08 Online:2020-09-15 Published:2020-09-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对溶液相转化法制备的聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜存在强度及通透性能难以同步提高的问题,以MT-I型复合粉为成孔剂,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯为稀释剂,采用螺杆挤出法制备了PVC中空纤维膜,研究了拉伸和萃取过程对纤维膜形貌及结构的影响,并通过水通量、碳素墨水截留率及拉伸强力测试分析了纤维膜的分离性能和力学性能。结果表明:随着拉伸倍数的增加,PVC中空纤维膜的断裂强度增大,断裂伸长率减小;经乙醇萃取后纤维膜表面出现了更多微孔,纤维膜的通透性能提高;当拉伸倍数为3时,纤维膜具有较高通透性和较好的力学性能,水通量为798 L/(m²·h),拉伸断裂强度为17.7 MPa,断裂伸长率为70.67%。

关键词: 聚氯乙烯, 螺杆挤出法, 中空纤维膜, 分离膜, 水处理, 截留率

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of hard synchronous increase strength and permeability of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane obtained by solution phase inversion method, high performance of PVC hollow fiber membranes were prepared using the screw extrusion spinning method, with MT-I composite powder as pore-forming agent and dioctyl phthalate as diluent. The influences of heat setting ratio and extraction on morphology and structure of fiber membrane were investigated. Separation performance and mechanical properties of fiber membranes were characterized by pure water flux, rejection of carbon ink and tensile strength. Results show that as the stretching ratio increased, the tensile strength of the membrane increases and elongation at break decreases. After ethanol extraction, more micro pores appear on the surface of the membrane which improves the permeability of the membrane. The membrane with stretching ratio 3 after ethanol extraction exhibits a larger permeability with pure water flux of 798 L/(m²·h), and a better performance with tensile strength of 17.7 MPa and elongation at break of 70.67%.

Key words: polyvinyl chloride, screw extrusion spinning method, hollow fiber membrane, separation membrane, water treatment, rejection ratio

中图分类号:

TB324

梅硕, 李金超, 卢士艳, 肖长发, 杨勇, 冯向伟. 高强度聚氯乙烯中空纤维膜的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2020, 41(09): 16-20.

MEI Shuo, LI Jinchao, LU Shiyan, XIAO Changfa, YANG Yong, FENG Xiangwei. Preparation and properties of high strength polyvinyl chloride hollow fiber membrane[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2020, 41(09): 16-20.

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纤维膜	A_{1 427}	A_{1 435}	A_{1 427}/A_{1 435}
纯PVC纤维膜	0.024 80	0.023 47	1.056 70
PVC/DOP初生纤维膜	0.032 02	0.026 67	1.201 00

高强度聚氯乙烯中空纤维膜的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of high strength polyvinyl chloride hollow fiber membrane

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