双模式热管理功能性纺织品的制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20241006401

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鉴于环境温度变化的动态性以及不可预测性,热管理纺织品单向的热调节方式难以全面适应人体不同时段对温度调节的复杂需求。针对该问题,将纳米二氧化钛(TiO₂)微粒均匀分散于聚偏氟乙烯溶液中,采用涂层法涂覆于棉织物的一面,再将二维过渡金属碳化物/碳氮化物MXene(Ti₃C₂T_x)通过喷涂工艺整理到织物的另一面,制备了“三明治”结构的双模式热管理织物,研究并分析了双模式热管理织物的表观形貌、制冷和制热性能及其作用原理。结果表明:该双模式热管理织物在日光下照射1 h,制冷面平均降温3.9 ℃、制热面平均升温11.8 ℃,且在6 V电压驱动下自加热至80 ℃,能够满足人体在不同环境下的舒适度调控需求;在实际户外热红外成像测试中,晴天条件下,制冷面温度比棉织物低0.9 ℃,制热面温度比棉织物高5.1 ℃,证明了该双模式热管理织物在户外场景下集辐射制冷、辐射制热功能于一体,为实现全天候动态热舒适调控提供了更灵活、可持续的解决方案。

关键词: 双模式热管理, 二氧化钛, MXene, 聚偏氟乙烯, 辐射制冷, 辐射制热, 热管理纺织品

Abstract:

Objective Textile-based personal thermal management systems have emerged as a effective alternative to the conventional technologies for environmental temperature control. Current thermal management textiles primarily focus on cooling or heating functions. However, the dynamic and unpredictable nature of ambient temperature fluctuations necessitates a more flexible approach. Unidirectional thermal regulation methods often fail to meet the complex thermal needs of the human body around the clock. In order to address this challenge, a novel dual-mode thermal management fabric with a three-layer structure is proposed, aiming to overcome the limitations of existing unidirectional thermal management fabrics.

Method This sandwich structured dual-mode thermal management fabric was fabricated by coating one side of a cotton fabric with a mixture solution of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nano particles to serve as the cooling side, while a novel two-dimensional MXene material, Ti₃C₂T_x, was sprayed onto the other side of the cotton fabric to act as the heating side. The apparent morphology, cooling and heating performance, and underlying mechanisms of this dual-mode thermal management fabric were investigated and analyzed.

Results The results demonstrated that the PVDF-TiO₂/C/Mxene dual-mode thermal management fabric (PTCM) possessed a dual-sided characteristic (with the cooling side being white and the heating side being black), and its radiative cooling side exhibited excellent cooling performance. After conducting temperature tests with a specially constructed testing apparatus in a sunny outdoor environment during summer, it was found that the average temperature on the cooling side of PTCM was 3.9 ℃ lower than that of ordinary cotton fabric. Meanwhile, when tested with the same apparatus in a sunny outdoor environment during spring, the average temperature on the heating side was 11.8 ℃ higher. In terms of electrothermal response and conversion capability, PTCM showed rapid temperature stabilization and efficient heat dissipation. At different test voltages, PTCM reached a stable temperature within 0.5 min and returned to room temperature within 2 min after power-off. At a voltage of 5 V, the stable temperature of PTCM could rise to approximately 60 ℃. In cyclic step-up voltage tests at 2, 3, and 4 V, PTCM reached the same temperature at each voltage level, with highly consistent temperature rise curves. This result demonstrated the excellent Joule heating stability of PTCM at different voltages, which is crucial for maintaining stable performance and extending service life in complex environments. Furthermore, under continuous step-up voltage conditions, when the voltage exceeded 3 V, the temperature of PTCM increased by an average of 10 ℃ for every 1 V increase, indicating that the PTCM has a wide range of temperature change with controllable, sensitive electrothermal conversion capability, that provides flexible thermal compensation for textiles and enhancing wearer comfort. Under summer clear sky conditions, the cooling or heating mode can be switched by flipping the dual-mode thermal management fabric. Observation with a thermal infrared imager revealed that the temperature on the cooling side was 0.9 ℃ lower than that of original cotton fabric, whereas the temperature on the heating side was 5.1 ℃ higher. These results confirm that the dual-mode thermal management fabric integrates radiative cooling and heating functions, effectively addressing the dynamic and unpredictable changes in ambient temperature.

Conclusion The dual-mode fabric PTCM exhibits significant thermal management capabilities, achieving an average cooling effect of 3.9 ℃ under summer sunlight and an average heating effect of 11.8 ℃ under spring sunlight. Moreover, driven by a 6 V voltage, PTCM can self-heat up to 80 ℃. In outdoor thermal infrared imaging tests conducted on sunny summer day, the cooling side temperature of PTCM was 0.9 ℃ lower than that of traditional cotton fabric, while the heating side temperature was 5.1 ℃ higher. PTCM integrates radiative cooling and heating functions, effectively addressing the dynamic and unpredictable nature of ambient temperature changes. Given its multifunctional performance, PTCM has broad application prospects in various fields such as personal thermal management textiles, temperature-regulating car covers, and outdoor tents.

Key words: dual-mode thermal management, titanium dioxide, MXene, polyvinylidene fluoride, radiative cooling, radiative heating, thermal management textiles

中图分类号:

TS195.5

陈廷彬, 蒋鑫, 毛海力, 王成成, 张丽平. 双模式热管理功能性纺织品的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2025, 46(07): 160-168.

CHEN Tingbin, JIANG Xin, MAO Haili, WANG Chengcheng, ZHANG Liping. Preparation and performance evaluation of dual-mode thermal management functional textiles[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2025, 46(07): 160-168.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20241006401

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V46/I07/160

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