芳纶纳米纤维/MXene同轴纤维电极制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20240503701

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为充分利用芳纶纳米纤维(ANFs)的骨架增强作用,进一步提高纤维电极的力学实用性,结合同轴纤维的结构优势,采用ANFs与ANFs/MXene质量比为1:4的ANFs/MXene(AM)共混物分别作为单(核/壳)层材料,通过调整ANFs增强骨架的分布位置及含量设计制备了不同系列的同轴纤维,并对其微观结构、力学性能、电学性能以及电化学性能进行分析。结果表明:对于ANFs为壳层、AM共混物为核层的同轴纤维,样品壳层质量分数为0.7%ANFs、核层为AM共混物时断裂强度和模量分别可达98.57 MPa、5.25 GPa,比ANFs与MXene质量比为1:4时的复合纤维分别提高了99.37%、15.89%;同时,得益于法拉第反应与赝电容反应协同作用,在0.2 A/g的电流密度下,以样品壳层质量分数为0.5%ANFs、核层为AM的共混物比电容最为突出,可达337.41 F/g。对于AM共混物为壳层、ANFs为核层的同轴纤维,样品核层质量分数为1.5%时其力学强度和模量分别为110.98 MPa、5.28 GPa,较ANFs与MXene质量比为1:4时的复合纤维分别提高了124.47%、16.53%;且其呈电池型电极特性,比电容可达120.10 F/g。

关键词: MXene, 芳纶纳米纤维, 电极材料, 纤维电极, 超级电容器

Abstract:

Objective MXene and aramid nanofibers (ANFs) have similar surface polarity and good compatibility. Preliminary experiments show that with an optimal blend ratio of ANFs to MXene, excellent wet spinning processability and good conductivity can be achieved. When the mass ratio of ANFs to MXene is 1:4, the conductivity of A1M4 (with a mass ratio of ANFs to MXene at 1:4)composite fibers produced by wet spinning can reach 3 145.82 S/m. However, the fiber strength is not yet ideal for practical applications. Coaxial wet spinning has better designability compared to the conventional wet spinning. In order to fully leverage the advantages of the excellent skeleton reinforcement performance of ANFs, further balance the contradiction between the electrical and mechanical properties of ANFs/MXene fibers, and to improve the comprehensive performance of fiber electrodes, 1:4 blend ratio of ANFs to ANFs/MXene was adopted to prepare single (core/shell) layer materials, through adjusting the distribution position and concentration of ANFs reinforced skeleton by wet spinning forming method. A flexible fiber electrode with excellent mechanical and electrochemical comprehensive properties was designed and prepared, aiming for applications in the field of flexible supercapacitor energy storage.
Method A series of coaxial fiber electrodes was designed and parepared using the wet spinning method. By systematically analyzing the microscopic physical and chemical structures, mechanical properties, electrical and electrochemical properties of various coaxial fiber electrode samples, the feasibility of this technology approach in designing and preparing flexible fiber electrodes was explored.
Results For A-AM (coaxial fibers with ANFs as shell layer and ANFs/MXene composites as core layer) coaxial fibers, by adjusting the concentration of shell ANFs, it was found that when increasing the concentration of shell ANFs, the compactness of the shell aggregation structure was increased, the mechanical strength was improved, but the conductivity was decreased. Among them, the sample A-0.7-AM (coaxial fiber with a concentration of shell ANFs at 0.7%) demonstrated that failure strength and modulus reached 98.57 MPa and 5.25 GPa, respectively, which are 99.37% and 15.89% higher than those of A1M4 composite fibers. As for A-AM coaxial fibers, ANF fiber bundles were found partially "overflowing" to the shell layer in all samples, which blocked the AM conductive pathway in the shell layer to a certain extent. The conductivity was reduced to varying degrees compared to A1M4 composite fibers, but it was indeed beneficial for improving mechanical strength. Among them, the mechanical strength and modulus for AM-A-1.5 (coaxial fiber with a concentration of core ANFs at 1.5%) were 110.98 MPa and 5.28 GPa, respectively, representing an increase of 124.47% and 16.53% compared to A1M4 composite fibers. The electrochemical performance tests indicated that at a current density of 0.2 A/g, the specific capacitance is the most prominent for sample A-0.5-AM (coaxial fiber with a concentration of shell (ANFs at 0.5%), reaching 310.59 F/g. Sample AM-A-1.5 exhibited battery type electrode characteristics, with a specific capacitance of up to 120.10 F/g.
Conclusion A series of coaxial fiber electrodes were prepared using AM blends with a ratio of 1:4 of ANFs to ANFs/MXene as single (core/shell) layer materials. By adjusting the distribution position and concentration of ANFs reinforced skeleton, the synergistic effect of the materials was well exerted, balancing the contradiction between mechanical, electrical, and electrochemical properties, and demonstrating good application prospects.

Key words: MXene, aramid nanofiber, electrode material, fiber electrode, supercapacitor

中图分类号:

TB34

孙洁, 郭羽晴, 屈芸, 张利平. 芳纶纳米纤维/MXene同轴纤维电极制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2025, 46(05): 125-134.

SUN Jie, GUO Yuqing, QU Yun, ZHANG Liping. Preparation and performance of aramid nanofibers/MXene coaxial fiber electrodes[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2025, 46(05): 125-134.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20240503701

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V46/I05/125

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类别编号	调控因素	样品名称	壳层	核层
A-AM	壳层ANFs 质量分数	A-0.7-AM	0.7% ANFs	A1M4
		A-0.5-AM	0.5% ANFs
		A-0.3-AM	0.3% ANFs
AM-A	核层ANFs 质量分数	AM-A-0.5	A1M4	0.5% ANFs
		AM-A-1.0		1.0% ANFs
		AM-A-1.5		1.5% ANFs