基于纤维体积分数的非织造布有效导热系数建模与仿真

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20250600401

纺织学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (05): 123-132.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20250600401

基于纤维体积分数的非织造布有效导热系数建模与仿真

杨仁权¹, 汪泽幸¹^,²(), 盛伟健¹, 罗芝怡¹

¹ 湖南工程学院纺织服装学院, 湖南湘潭 411104
² 湖南工程学院智能纺织创新研究院, 湖南湘潭 411104

收稿日期:2025-06-01 修回日期:2026-03-07 出版日期:2026-05-15 发布日期:2026-07-10
通讯作者: 汪泽幸(1982—),男,教授,博士。主要研究方向为产业用纺织品。E-mail:zexing.wang@hnie.edu.cn。
作者简介:杨仁权(2000—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为织物热特性模拟。
基金资助:
湖南省研究生科研创新项目(LXBZZ2024388)

Effective thermal conductivity modeling and simulation of nonwoven fabrics based on fiber volume fractions

YANG Renquan¹, WANG Zexing¹^,²(), SHENG Weijian¹, LUO Zhiyi¹

¹ College of Textile and Fashion, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, Hunan 411104, China
² Intelligent Textile Institute of Innovation at Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, Hunan 411104, China

Received:2025-06-01 Revised:2026-03-07 Published:2026-05-15 Online:2026-07-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为深入研究非织造布材料的热传递特性,以聚酰亚胺(PI)纳米纤维膜和PI针刺非织造布为研究对象,通过实验测量了不同压力下材料的导热性能,发现随纤维体积分数增加,试样隔热性能变差,散热性能更佳。针对传统Woo模型的局限性,从2个方面进行修正:一是引入Hamilton-Crosser多项混合模型改进了圆柱平行排列的复合导热系数表达式,二是建立了考虑接触热阻和空间坐标转换的热阻串并联模型。对于针刺、水刺等含Z向纤维的非织造布,创新性地提出了考虑穿刺行为的非织造布导热模型。此外,建立了适用于有限元分析的非织造布几何简化模型,通过随机分布的圆柱体模拟纤维结构,实现了对非织造布热传递性能的精确仿真。对比分析表明,修正Hamilton-Crosser后的模型和仿真结果与实验数据具有良好一致性,验证了所提模型的有效性。研究结果可为非织造布热性能的优化设计提供理论依据。

关键词: 非织造布, 有效导热系数, 纤维体积分数, 热阻网络模型, 热传递仿真

Abstract:

Objective This research focuses on polyimide (PI) nanofiber membranes and PI needle-punched nonwoven fabrics to investigate the thermal transfer properties of nonwoven fabrics. The importance and necessity of the study lie in addressing the limitations of existing thermal conductivity models, particularly the Woo model, and accurately modeling thermal properties affected by fiber volume fraction and fiber orientation.

Method Thermal conductivity tests were performed under varying pressure conditions following ASTM standards. Two major modifications were applied to the conventional Woo model, which are integrating the Hamilton-Crosser multi-phase mixture model to refine the composite thermal conductivity expressions for cylindrical fiber arrangements, and establishing a thermal resistance network model accounting for contact thermal resistance and spatial coordinate transformation. Additionally, innovative geometric models for finite element simulations were developed, utilizing randomly distributed cylindrical fibers.

Results Experimental data indicated that increasing fiber volume fractions led to reduced thermal insulation but enhanced heat dissipation. Comparative analyses demonstrated good agreement among the modified analytical models, finite element simulation results, and experimental measurements. Specifically, for the PI nanofiber membranes, because of their small fiber diameters, sensitivity to contact thermal resistance significantly affected thermal performance, resulting in improved heat dissipation capability. Conversely, PI needle-punched nonwoven fabrics exhibited less sensitivity to contact thermal resistance because of larger fiber diameters and structural support from fibers oriented in the Z-direction. This structural feature minimized thickness reduction under pressure, maintaining superior insulation properties. The established finite element models effectively predicted temperature distributions and confirmed the non-linear relationship between fiber volume fraction and effective thermal conductivity. Under identical pressures, PI nanofiber membranes displayed higher overall temperature and more pronounced changes in thermal conductivity compared to needle-punched fabrics, highlighting the significant impact of fiber contact points and associated thermal resistance.

Conclusion The use of modified thermal conductivity models leads to improved accuracy over the conventional Woo model, especially when considering fiber volume fraction effects on effective thermal conductivity, contact thermal resistance, and Z-directionl fiber penetration behaviors. The finite element simulation models demonstrated robust predictive capabilities and validated the theoretical assumptions regarding fiber arrangements. Future work includes developing a theoretical model for contact thermal resistance and extending analyses to incorporate external factors like airflow, tension, and varying ambient temperatures.

Key words: nonwoven fabric, effective thermal conductivity, fiber volume fraction, thermal resistance network model, heat transfer simulation

中图分类号:

TS101.92

杨仁权, 汪泽幸, 盛伟健, 罗芝怡. 基于纤维体积分数的非织造布有效导热系数建模与仿真[J]. 纺织学报, 2026, 47(05): 123-132.

YANG Renquan, WANG Zexing, SHENG Weijian, LUO Zhiyi. Effective thermal conductivity modeling and simulation of nonwoven fabrics based on fiber volume fractions[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2026, 47(05): 123-132.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20250600401

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V47/I05/123

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压力/N	纤维体积分数/%
压力/N	PI针刺	PI纳米膜	PI针刺	PI纳米膜
0	1.107	0.207	0.131	0.100
1	1.575	0.258	0.081	0.061
2	2.242	0.310	0.053	0.036
3	2.428	0.362	0.045	0.024

试样	生产工艺	纤维材料	厚度/ mm	纤维体积分数/%	ε	Z向纤维体积分数/ %	cos²β	纤维导热系数/ (W·m^-1·K^-1)		对流换热系数/ (W·m^-2· K^-1)	热辐射发射率
试样	生产工艺	纤维材料	厚度/ mm	纤维体积分数/%	ε	Z向纤维体积分数/ %	cos²β	径向	轴向	对流换热系数/ (W·m^-2· K^-1)	热辐射发射率
I2	梳理成网	100%涤纶	4.50	1.000	1.25	—	0.70	0.157	1.257	12.1	0.90
I3	梳理成网	100%涤纶	4.50	1.400	1.25	—	0.70	0.157	1.257	12.1	0.90
R1	纺黏	100%涤纶	0.18	9.500	1.5	—	0.04	0.200	2.000	26.9	0.90
R2	纺黏	100%涤纶	0.26	10.300	1.5	—	0.04	0.200	2.000	78.0	0.90
M8	熔喷	100%丙纶	0.77	7.800	1.5	—	0.06	0.111	1.242	25.0	0.85
M9	熔喷	100%丙纶	0.90	6.300	1.5	—	0.06	0.111	1.242	24.0	0.85
S1	水刺	涤纶/木浆	0.34	10.700	2.0	0.200	0.07	0.243	2.879	22.9	0.85
R9	针刺	100%芳纶	2.04	11.000	2.0	0.500	0.07	0.035	2.900	14.8	0.90
A2	针刺	100%PI	6.36	1.107	1.1	0.110	0.87	0.200	1.700	16.0	0.80
A3	针刺	100%PI	5.12	1.575	1.1	0.335	0.87	0.200	1.700	17.1	0.80
A5	针刺	100%PI	4.14	2.242	1.1	0.578	0.87	0.200	1.700	17.0	0.80
A6	针刺	100%PI	3.56	2.428	1.1	0.630	0.87	0.200	1.700	16.9	0.80
B1	静电纺丝	100%PI	7.21	0.207	5	—	0.99	0.400	15.000	15.9	0.90
B2	静电纺丝	100%PI	5.77	0.258	5	—	0.99	0.400	15.000	15.6	0.90
B3	静电纺丝	100%PI	4.81	0.310	5	—	0.99	0.400	15.000	15.5	0.90
B4	静电纺丝	100%PI	4.11	0.362	5	—	0.99	0.400	15.000	15.6	0.90

单元尺寸/ mm	单元数	单元质量	纵横比	雅可比	扭曲度	平面均温/℃
0.09	153 645	0.649	3.071	0.947	0.454	25.094
0.08	180 956	0.672	2.844	0.956	0.425	25.092
0.07	199 986	0.703	2.661	0.957	0.383	25.091
0.06	256 416	0.743	2.408	0.966	0.332	25.089

基于纤维体积分数的非织造布有效导热系数建模与仿真

Effective thermal conductivity modeling and simulation of nonwoven fabrics based on fiber volume fractions

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