纤维及织物基电化学传感器与水系电池的研究进展与展望

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20241204902

纺织学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (05): 89-95.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20241204902

• 特约专栏: 智能纤维与织物器件 • 上一篇下一篇

纤维及织物基电化学传感器与水系电池的研究进展与展望

梁琦敏¹, 鄢卓君¹, 李长昕¹, 刘志锋², 何思斯¹()

1.哈尔滨工业大学(深圳)理学院, 广东深圳 518000
2.南部战区总医院内科重症医学科, 广东广州 510000

收稿日期:2024-12-23 修回日期:2025-01-28 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-06-18
通讯作者: 何思斯(1990—),女,教授,博士。研究方向为智能传感器件和能量存储器件。E-mail:hesisi@hit.edu.cn。
作者简介:梁琦敏(2001—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为纤维状传感器件和能量存储器件。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(52103300);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金自然科学基金面上项目(2023A1515010572);深圳市高等院校稳定性支持计划项目(GXWD20220811163904001)

Research progress and prospects in fibers and fabric-based electrochemical sensing and aqueous batteries for smart textiles

LIANG Qimin¹, YAN Zhuojun¹, LI Changxin¹, LIU Zhifeng², HE Sisi¹()

1. College of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China
2. Department of Internal Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China

Received:2024-12-23 Revised:2025-01-28 Published:2025-05-15 Online:2025-06-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为促进可穿戴传感技术与智能织物的融合,提升柔性传感器的穿戴舒适度与安全性,推动医疗保健模式向个性化、主动化和简约化方向发展,围绕纤维及织物基电化学传感器及其供能单元柔性水系电池的结构设计和功能进行了探讨。介绍了纤维基和织物基电化学传感器在监测汗液中离子和分子方面的制备方法与研究进展;以及作为供能单元的基于液态/凝胶态水系电解质的纤维基和织物基柔性电池的研究进展。讨论了当前纤维及织物基电化学传感器与柔性水系电池面临的问题,并对二者的结合进行了展望,旨在为可穿戴智能织物在健康管理领域的应用提供理论和技术参考。

关键词: 纤维器件, 智能织物, 电化学传感器, 水系电池, 柔性可穿戴, 健康管理

Abstract:

Significance Medical health is essential for human life, and sweat's chemical substances reflect health conditions. Wearable electrochemical sensors based on sweat enable continuous, hospital-free health monitoring. Integrating sensors into fabrics maintains permeability, flexibility, and data accuracy. Reliable flexible power supply units, such as aqueous fabric batteries, ensure stable sensor operation. This integration fosters the development of convenient, comfortable, and non-invasive medical monitoring.
Progress Fabric, with its stretchability and permeability, is an ideal material for wearable electrochemical sensors to monitor sweat, detecting electrolytes, metabolites, and hormones. There are two methods for constructing electrochemical sweat-sensing fabrics: fiber-based, where sensors are seamlessly integrated into the fabric through techniques like weaving and sewing, offering flexibility, bendability, and high adaptability; and fabric-based, which is compatible with conventional processing techniques and suitable for mass production. Additionally, matching flexible power supply units is essential. Aqueous electrolytes are safer and more suitable for wearable batteries than organic ones, though they do not fully solve leakage problem. Gel-state electrolytes, with their safety and stretchability, offer unique advantages for flexible batteries. Future research should address the interface between gel-state electrolytes and electrodes for stable power supply in fabric-based sensors.
Conclusion and Prospect Reported studies have optimized material selection and fabrication methods, using fibers or fabrics as electrochemical sensing platforms to achieve a more comfortable, convenient, and non-invasive healthcare experience. In future development, the following five aspects should be emphasized: 1) The lightweight design of smart fabrics: developing manufacturing processes capable of efficient integration. 2) Sensitivity and selectivity of sensing fabrics: improving sensitivity and selectivity by optimizing materials, enhancing biomarker targeting, and refining manufacturing processes. 3) The energy density of flexible aqueous batteries: improving energy density by material innovation and electrolyte optimization. 4) Data accuracy: combining smart fabrics with AI to optimize data analysis. 5) Long-term stability: developing fiber-based substrates and active materials with strong interfacial interaction forces.

Key words: fiber device, smart fabric, electrochemical sensor, aqueous battery, flexible wearable, health management

中图分类号:

O657.1

梁琦敏, 鄢卓君, 李长昕, 刘志锋, 何思斯. 纤维及织物基电化学传感器与水系电池的研究进展与展望[J]. 纺织学报, 2025, 46(05): 89-95.

LIANG Qimin, YAN Zhuojun, LI Changxin, LIU Zhifeng, HE Sisi. Research progress and prospects in fibers and fabric-based electrochemical sensing and aqueous batteries for smart textiles[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2025, 46(05): 89-95.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20241204902

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V46/I05/89

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参考文献 45

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标志物	识别元件	灵敏度	稳定性	文献
乳酸	MIP	109.6 nA/lg[C(μmol/L)]	>400次	[11]
钠离子	ISM	58.9 mV/lg[[Na⁺](mmol/L)]	24 h	[15]
葡萄糖	MOF	425.9 μA/(mmol/L·cm²)	存储7 d	[21]
尿酸	PtNP	3.4 nA/(μmol/L)	1 000次	[23]
IL-6	适配体	—	—	[25]
皮质醇	MIP	—	—	[26]
钠离子	ISM	59.4 mV/lg[Na⁺]	—	[27]
钾离子	ISM	56.5 mV/lg[K⁺]	—	[27]
钾离子	ISM	66.0 mV/lg[K⁺]	存储28 d	[28]
pH	PANI	54.9 mV/lg[H⁺]	—	[29]

正极‖ 负极	电解质盐	放电电压/V	比容量/ (mA·h·g^-1)	容量保持率/%	循环数	文献
LMO‖PI	Li₂SO₄	1.40	123.00	98.0	1 000	[31]
LMO‖LTO	LiCl	2.40	61.03	72.6	500	[33]
PANI‖PANI	NaTFSI	1.10	122.00	—	—	[35]
LMO‖LTO	LiCl	1.50	85.70	92.0	100	[36]
PANI‖Zn	ZnCl₂- NH₄Cl	1.15	119.41	95.4	200	[37]
PANI‖Zn	ZnCl₂- NH₄Cl	1.20	141.90	88.1	2 000	[38]
MnO₂‖Zn	ZnSO₄- MnSO₄	1.32	393.00	83.9	1 300	[42]

纤维及织物基电化学传感器与水系电池的研究进展与展望

Research progress and prospects in fibers and fabric-based electrochemical sensing and aqueous batteries for smart textiles

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