纺织学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (09): 84-93.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20241106601

• 纤维材料 • 上一篇    下一篇

棉基生物炭-ZIF-L(Zn)-壳聚糖/聚丙烯复合膜的制备及其吸附-光催化性能

王泓力1,2, 张辉1,2(), 刘建宇1,2, 尉海泽1,2, 张雅宁3, 王丽丽3, 许学潮4   

  1. 1.西安工程大学 功能性纺织材料及制品教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710048
    2.西安工程大学 纺织科学与工程学院, 陕西 西安 710048
    3.内蒙古沣晟泰新材料有限公司 研发中心, 内蒙古 包头 014060
    4.信泰(福建)科技有限公司 创新研究院, 福建 晋江 362200
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-27 修回日期:2025-05-09 出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-11-12
  • 通讯作者: 张辉(1968—),男,教授,博士。主要研究方向为功能性纺织产品研发。E-mail:hzhangw532@xpu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:王泓力(2001—),女,硕士生。主要研究方向为纺织材料改性及功能性纺织品研发。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51873169)

Preparation and adsorption-photocatalytic performance of cotton-based biochar-ZIF-L(Zn)-chitosan/polypropylene composite membrane

WANG Hongli1,2, ZHANG Hui1,2(), LIU Jianyu1,2, YU Haize1,2, ZHANG Yaning3, WANG Lili3, XU Xuechao4   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Material and Product of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
    2. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
    3. Research Center, Inner Mongolia Fengshengtai New Material Co., Ltd., Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014060, China
    4. Innovation Research Institute, Sincetech (Fujian) Technology Co., Ltd., Jinjiang, Fujian 362200, China
  • Received:2024-11-27 Revised:2025-05-09 Published:2025-09-15 Online:2025-11-12

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摘要： 为提高聚丙烯非织造布的亲水性和污染物去除性能,用于废水中染料和抗生素的去除,以废弃落棉为原料,经煅烧制得具有多孔结构的棉基生物炭(CB),并与二维ZIF-L(Zn)复合,制备出兼具吸附和光催化性能的CB-ZIF-L(Zn)复合粉。通过喷涂技术将该复合粉负载于壳聚糖改性的聚丙烯(CSP)非织造布表面,制得CB-ZIF-L(Zn)-CSP复合膜。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱、拉曼光谱及热重分析对膜的微观形貌、结构组成及热稳定性进行表征,并测试其孔径分布和过滤性能。结果表明:CB与ZIF-L(Zn)前驱体的反应顺序对复合粉的结构和性能有显著影响;当CB与ZIF-L(Zn)的质量比为1∶1时,复合粉表现出最优的吸附性能和光催化活性,在可见光照射下循环使用4次,对刚果红(CR)的降解率达87.9%;通过调控模压压力和膜层数,膜的过滤通量和截留性能可实现优化调控;50 MPa模压条件下制备的5层复合膜,在15 L/h泵速下对CR的截留率达100%,重复使用5次后仍保持良好性能。此外,该复合膜对亚甲基蓝(MB)和四环素(TC)同样具有良好的去除效果。CB-ZIF-L(Zn)-CSP复合膜具有优异的污染物去除能力和光催化再生性能,在高效、可持续的废水处理领域展现出广阔应用前景。

关键词: 棉基生物炭, ZIF-L(Zn), 壳聚糖, 聚丙烯复合膜, 吸附性能, 光催化性能, 废水处理

Abstract:

Objective In order to enhance the hydrophilicity and pollutant removal efficiency of polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabrics, a composite membrane with dual adsorption and photocatalytic functions was developed. The membrane integrates cotton-based biochar, ZIF-L(Zn) and chitosan onto a PP substrate to enable efficient removal of dyes and antibiotics from wastewater. The study emphasizes the potential of combining bio-derived materials with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to achieve high-performance membranes for sustainable water purification.

Method Cotton textile waste was pyrolyzed to produce porous cotton-based biochar (CB), which was then combined with two-dimensional ZIF-L(Zn) to obtain a composite powder possessing both adsorption and photocatalytic capabilities. This powder was deposited onto a chitosan-modified PP nonwoven substrate (CSP) by spraying, yielding the CB-ZIF-L(Zn)-CSP composite membrane. The membrane's microstructure, composition, and thermal stability were characterized using scaning electron microsopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier transform intrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Pore size distribution and filtration performance were systematically evaluated. The influences of precursor mixing order, mass ratios, hot-pressing pressure, and membrane layering on removal efficiency were also investigated.

Results The CB-ZIF-L(Zn)-CSP membranes exhibited strong dye and antibiotic removal capabilities. A 1∶1 mass ratio of CB to ZIF-L(Zn) yielded the optimal performance, achieving a Congo Red (CR) degradation rate of 87.9% under visible light after four reuse cycles. The five-layer membrane prepared under 50 MPa hot-pressing exhibited 100% CR rejection at a flow rate of 15 L/h, with excellent reusability. Additionally, effective removal of methylene blue (MB) and tetracycline (TC) was observed. The reaction sequence of CB and ZIF-L(Zn) precursors played a critical role in determining the microstructure and functional efficiency of the composite. The membrane maintained high performance across multiple cycles, demonstrating excellent stability and regeneration ability.

Conclusion That CB-ZIF-L(Zn)-CSP composite membranes, fabricated via a low-cost and scalable spraying process, offer a promising route for high-efficiency wastewater treatment. The synergistic integration of biochar, MOFs, and chitosan significantly enhances adsorption and photocatalytic performance. These findings highlight the potential of using waste-derived materials for developing multifunctional membranes applicable in practical and sustainable water purification systems.

Key words: cotton-based biochar, ZIF-L(Zn), chitosan, polypropylene composite membrane, adsorption performance, photocatalystic performance, wastewater treatment

中图分类号: 

  • TS171

图1

CB-ZIF-L(Zn)-CSP复合膜制备示意图"

图2

扫描电镜照片"

图3

粉体和复合膜XRD谱图"

图4

红外光谱和热重/微分热曲线"

图5

复合膜过滤CR染料性能比较"

图6

CB、ZIF-L(Zn)和CB-ZIF-L(Zn)粉体吸附-脱附等温线、孔体积分布和(αhv)2 vs. hv关系曲线"

图7

不同粉体制备得到的复合膜吸附-光催化降解有机污染物曲线"

表1

CB-ZIF-L(Zn)-CSP复合膜与其它非织造布膜过滤效率、通量和循环次数比较"

过滤膜成分 污染物 污染物质量
浓度/(mg·L-1)		 污染物体积/
mL		 通量/
(L·h-1·m-2)		 过滤效率/
%		 循环
次数		 文献
CB-ZIF-L(Zn)-CSP CR 50 50 16.69 100 5 本文
VF-PET/BSA/CMCS/
AgNPs/CaAlg		 CR/AR 60 — 38.5 98.2/75.2 — [7]
PP-C-F-Z CR/TC/MB 50/20/5 50 30-1 200 98/96.6/100 15/10/10 [12]
ZIF-8/L-DOPA/PVDF CR/MB/TC 30 — 159.63 97.3/98.62/95.3 3 [14]
PDA/ZIF-67/PP MB/MO 20 300 202.7/195.6 92.3/99.5 5 [30]
ZIF-67/PVDF AO7/MB/AR 20 — 263.3 97.3/98.2/90.5 3 [31]
ZIF-67/SA/PVDF MB 5 100 427.6 99 5 [32]
Co3O4/PAN MB 10 100 >300 98 8 [33]
CS/[ZM/PP] MB 20 100 — 96.8 6 [34]

图8

CB-ZIF-L(Zn)-CSP复合膜过滤去除有机污染物和光催化降解膜中残留污染物的反应机制图"

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