导电复合纤维基柔性应变传感器的研究进展

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20200402510

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to promote the application of conductive composite fibers in the field of flexible strain sensors, the fabricating methods from the combination of the conductive material and the flexible matrix are reviewed. The flexible strain sensors are divided into 3 types, i.e. the conductive material/flexible matrix uniform composite fibers, the flexible fiber coated with a conductive material, and coated the conductive fibers using a flexible matrix. On this basis, the performance of these 3 types of conductive composite fiber sensors are compared and analyzed, and the sensing performance of various conductive networks are summarized. It is found that the strain property and sensitivity of the sensors are determined by the deformation behavior of fibers and the piezoresistive effect of the conductive network, that the interface interaction between the conductive material and the flexible matrix is the key factor to affect the stability and durability of the sensor, and that the fiber and fiber assembly with composite structures and multiple conducting network structures are conductive to the development of high-performance sensor. The application and development trend of conductive fiber flexible strain sensor are described, and the future research directions are put forward.

Key words: conductive composite fiber, flexible strain sensor, conductive network, sensing performance, graphene, carbon nanotubes

CLC Number:

TM242

TANG Jian, YAN Tao, PAN Zhijuan. Research progress of flexible strain sensors based on conductive composite fibers[J].Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(05): 168-177.

Figures/Tables 3

Tab.1

Tab.2

Property of strain sensor based on flexible fiber coated by conductive material"

材料	包覆方法	电导率/ (S·cm^-1)	最大拉伸应变/%	GF值(拉伸应变范围)	循环次数(循环拉伸应变)	响应时间/ms	参考文献
GR+ AgNP/TPU	浸涂(层层自组装)	0.427	50	490.2	2 000(50%)	—	[1]
AgNW/棉+TPU	浸涂	—	200	1.6(<50%) 4.2(<200%)	1 000(10%)	316	[4]
AgNW/TPU	部分嵌入	3.2	43	87.6 (<22%) 519.3(22%~39%)	2 500(5%)	49	[6]
MXene+AgNP+AgNW/ 涤纶+氨纶	浸涂	—	200	309.10(0~60%) 474.38(60%~150%) 872.79(150%~200%)	1 500(20%)	—	[12]
GR/尼龙+橡胶	喷涂	—	310	20.7	1 000(50%)	—	[14]
PEDOT/涤纶	原位聚合	1 000	70	0.9	1 000(20%)	—	[24]
RGO/PE+TPU	浸涂	—	100	10(<1%) 3.7(<50%)	10 000(50%)	100	[27]
GR/TPU	浸涂(层层自组装)	—	50	86.86	100(50%)	—	[28]
GR/PBT	浸涂	—	50	2.5	—	—	[29]
AgNW/TPU+乳胶	浸涂	0.2	100	5.326(<25%)	10 000(5%)	20	[30]
石墨/蚕丝	挤压涂布	—	15	14.5	3 000(10%)	135	[31]
CNT/氨纶	挤压涂布	70.92	80	2~3	1 000(80%)	—	[32]
MWNT+SWNT/TPU	超声包覆	13	100	1.67 (<20%) 1.24 (20%~100%)	2 000(50%)	—	[34]
MWNT/TPU	超声包覆	—	300	102	10 000(50%)	200	[33]
MWNT/TPU	超声包覆	—	200	111.1 (<50%) 1 344.1 (150%~200%)	10 000(30%)	88	[35]
SWNT/PET+橡胶	超声包覆	—	44	46.4(<15%) 353(15%~29%) 980(29%~44%)	1 000(20%)	200	[36]
AgNW /POE	超声包覆	—	64	13 920	4 500(10%)	10	[37]
CNT/棉+氨纶	超声包覆+挤压涂布	—	350	—	200(10%)	—	[38]
碳墨水/涤纶+乳胶	超声包覆	—	50	6.1 (0.5%~20%)	1 000(50%)	110	[39]
GR+CB/脱胶亚麻	超声包覆	296	60	1.46~5.62 (<8%)	1 000(8%)	209	[40]
SWNT/棉+TPU	上浆包覆	—	300	2.15 (<25%) 0.65(25%~240%)	300 000(40%)	—	[41]
MWNT/TPU	上浆包覆	—	30	2.3 (<10%)	—	—	[42]
GR+SWNT+CB/TPU	上浆包覆	—	350	2.14	2 400(25%)	65	[43]
AgNW/丙烯酸+氨纶	上浆包覆	—	50	—	80(12%)	—	[44]
PPy/PET+橡胶	原位聚合	—	105	51.2 (<40%) 27.6(40%~105%)	400(10%)	—	[45]
PANI/UHMWPE	原位聚合	0.87	10	7.38~15.47	—	—	[46]

Tab.2

Tab.3

References 54

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材料	制备方法	电导率/ (S·cm^-1)	最大拉伸应变/%	GF值(拉伸应变范围)	循环次数(循环拉伸应变)	响应时间/ms	参考文献
CNT/环氧树脂	纺纱技术	—	1	0.38	—	—	[47]
CNT/PVA	气凝胶纺丝	447.1	5	5.29 (3.6%~5%)	20(5%)	—	[48]
CNT/Ecoflex	干法纺丝	—	960	0.54(<400%) 64(400%~960%)	10 000(300%)	10	[49]
GR/PVA	化学气相沉积	960	7.1	5.02 (1%~6.3%)	200(6%)	—	[51]
GR/PDMS	化学气相沉积	—	8	34.3~48.9	50(6%)	—	[52]
炭化PAN+GR/TPU	炭化	—	2	1 700	300(2%)	—	[53]
炭化棉+炭化PAN/TPU	炭化	—	30	37.3(<0.1%) 11.5 (0.3%~30%)	1 000(0.1/20%)	300	[54]

Research progress of flexible strain sensors based on conductive composite fibers

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材料	制备方法	渗透阈值/%	电导率/ (S·cm^-1)	最大拉伸应变/%	GF值(拉伸应变范围)	循环次数(循环拉伸应变)	响应时间/ms	参考文献
MWNT/Ecoflex	同轴湿法纺丝	0.74	—	300	-0.063(<25%) 0.68(50%~100%) 1 378(<300%)	10 000(100%)	300	[2]
MWNT/TPU	3D打印	—	—	65	176	—	—	[8]
CB/TPE	挤出纺丝	—	—	80	20	3 800(80%)	—	[9]
AgNW+AgNP/SBS	湿法纺丝	—	2 450	100	15	—	—	[10]
PEDOT:PSS/TPU	湿法纺丝+针织	—	9.4	160	-1	500(100%)	—	[11]
CB/TPU	同轴湿法纺丝	—	—	200	28 084	11 000(60%)	200	[13]
MWNT/PC	熔融纺丝	0.5	—	1.5	16(<1.8%)	—	—	[17]
MWNT/TPU	湿法纺丝	—	—	320	22.2(<160%) 97.1(160%~320%)	—	200	[18]
GR/SBS	湿法纺丝	2.7	—	110	160(<50%) 2 546(<100%)	—	—	[21]
GR/SBS	湿法纺丝	—	—	100	55.92(0~40%) 1 591.51(40%~73%) 10 083.98(73%~100%)	2 100(20%)	—	[22]
GR/PDMS	挤出纺丝	—	—	100	335(100%) 65(6%)	600(6%)	—	[23]
PEDOT:PSS/TPU	湿法纺丝	2.9	25	260	—	—	—	[25]
PEDOT:PSS/TPU	湿法纺丝	—	5.4	200	1 500(<200%) 350(<100%)	—	—	[26]

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