Journal of Textile Research ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (03): 19-27.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20211107609

• Fiber Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and properties of Ag/Zn modified polystyrene/polyvinylidene fluoride composite fibrous membranes by magnetron sputtering

CHEN Meng1, HE Ruidong1, CHENG Yixin1, LI Jiwei1,2, NING Xin2, WANG Na1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Textile & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
    2. Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens & Technical Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
  • Received:2021-11-16 Revised:2022-05-09 Online:2023-03-15 Published:2023-04-14

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Abstract:

Objective Air filter material is the most commonly used and effective medium to deal with air pollution as well as ultraviolet radiation, especially to block the transmission of pathogens in the air. In addition, the bacteria intercepted during use are loaded on the surface of the filter material, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. In order to deal with air pollution and ultraviolet radiation and acquire antibacterial function at the same time, this paper focuses on the preparation of an air filter material with antibacterial and ultraviolet protective properties.

Method PS/PVDF nanofibrous membranes were prepared by electrospinning using polystyrene (PS) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as the main raw materials. The optimal volume ratio of PS and PVDF spinning solutions was determined by analyzing the micromorphology, mechanical properties and air permeability of the fibrous membranes with different mixing ratios. Silver (Ag) and zinc (Zn) nanocoatings were sputtered on both sides of the selected nanofibrous membrane, respectively. The micromorphology, element composition, pore size distribution, air permeability, filtration, ultraviolet (UV) protection and antibacterial properties of the PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn composite membrane were studied.

Results When the volume ratio of PS to PVDF is 1:2, the fibrous membrane has high breaking stress (2.31 MPa) and good air permeability (177.2 mm/s), which meet the requirements of the practical application. On this basis, PS/PVDF fibrous membrane with a surface density of 2.88 g/m2 and a volume ratio of 1:2 was prepared. The surface of the fibrous membrane was modified with different sputtering time periods to prepare PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn fibrous membrane. The Ag and Zn metal particles sputtered on the fibrous membrane surface achieve uniform deposition (Fig.4), and the combination stability between them and the fibrous membrane is excellent (Fig.6). After performance characterization, it was found that when the sputtering time was 8 min, compared with the PS/PVDF fibrous membrane without sputtering, the pore diameter of PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn fibrous membrane was 7.76 μm reduced to 6.36 μm, air permeability decreases slightly (Fig.7), the filtration efficiency of 300 nm NaCl aerosol particles was increased to 99.7%, the pressure drop slightly increased to 103 Pa, and the quality factor value increased to 0.056 Pa-1 (Fig.8). Compared with the PS/PVDF fibrous membrane without sputtering, when the sputtering time was 8 min, the ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) of PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn membrane reaches 702.52±55.15, and the transmittance of long wave ultraviolet (UVA) and short wave ultraviolet (UVB) was (0.26±0.01)% and (0.20±0.02)%, respectively, showing excellent UV protection performance. The PS/PVDF fibrous membrane without sputtering did not demonstrate antibacterial effect, while the width of the inhibition zone of the PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn membrane with sputtering time period of 8 min against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reached 3.5 mm and 6.2 mm, respectively, which can effectively reduce the growth of bacteria and prolong the service life of the filter material in practical applications.

Conclusion PS/PVDF fibrous membrane was prepared by electrospinning, and Ag and Zn nanocoatings were deposited on both sides of the fibrous membrane by magnetron sputtering. The results show that the metal coating on the fibrous membrane surface roughens the fibrous surface, reduces the pore size, and improves the filtration efficiency of the fibrous membrane. The presence of Zn and Ag also endows the fibrous membrane with UV protection and antibacterial properties. An air filter material with antibacterial and UV protective properties has been successfully prepared. This research provides a new idea for the research and development of functional air filter materials.

Key words: polystyrene, polyvinylidene fluoride, electrospinning, magnetron sputtering, air filtration, ultraviolet protection performance, antibacterial

CLC Number: 

  • TS171

Fig.1

SEM images of PS/PVDF fibrous membranes with different volume ratios"

Fig.2

Stress-strain curves of PS/PVDF fibrous membranes with different volume ratios"

Fig.3

Air permeability of PS/PVDF fibrous membranes with different volume ratios"

Fig.4

Surface SEM(a)and EDS(b)images of PS/PVDF fibrous membrane after magnetron sputtering"

Fig.5

TG curves of fibrous membranes after magnetron sputtering"

Fig.6

Image of PS/PVDF/Ag/Zn fibrous membrane after ultrasonic cleaning"

Fig.7

Pore size distribution (a) and air permeability (b) of PS/PVDF fibrous membranes before and after sputtering"

Fig.8

Filtration performance of PS/PVDF composite fibrous membranes before and after sputtering. (a) Influence of sputtering time period on filtration efficiency and pressure drop; (b) Quality factors at different sputtering time periods"

Tab.1

UV Protection properties of PS/PVDF nanofibrous membranes before and after sputtering"

溅射时间/min UPF值 透射比算术平均值/%
T(UVA)AV T(UVB)AV
0 15.19 ± 0.35 5.63 ± 0.23 1.35 ± 0.07
6 422.31 ± 63.15 0.42 ± 0.06 0.34 ± 0.05
8 702.52 ± 55.15 0.26 ± 0.01 0.20 ± 0.02
10 616.27 ± 74.75 0.29 ± 0.03 0.23 ± 0.03

Fig.9

Antibacterial circle images of PS/PVDF fibrous membranes before(a)and after(b)sputtering"

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