增强纤维用上浆剂的耐高温化改性研究进展

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20220708302

Abstract

Abstract:

Significance Fiber sizing agent is one of the core technologies in the production of reinforcing fiber (carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, etc.) and its composites. The sizing agent coated on the surface of reinforcing fibers facilitates the bundling of filaments, remedies the surface defects of the fibers, and improves the processing property of corresponding fabrics. Moreover, the sizing agent promotes the infiltration and tight binding of the matrix resin on the fibers through physical and chemical effects such as increased compatibility in similar structure, induced crystallization, and crosslinking/reaction. Nevertheless, the stability of the general fiber sizing agents at high temperatures is insufficient to meet the needs for the development and advanced applications of high-performance thermoplastic resin-based composites. Therefore, the development of fiber sizing agents with high temperature resistance has attracted extensive attention. Based on the basic composition of sizing agents, this review reports research and development progress in fiber sizing agents with high temperature resistance, which focuses on the selection and modification of film former of the sizing agents and introduces the effect of the inorganic hybridization on the heat resistance of sizing agents and interfacial properties of composites. The importance and property of coupling agents in the formulations are also discussed.

Progress Fiber sizing agent is a mixed liquor composed of a variety of functional components, including film former, coupling agent, lubricant, antifoaming agent, antistatic agent, pH regulator, and other functional additives. Film former accounts for 70%-90% of the total solid mass of sizing agent which directly affects the wetting ability and compatibility of fiber in resin matrix. To meet both requirements of high temperature resistance and compatibility with the matrix, most research focuses on the development of novel film former based on polyimide and polyarylether, which show high thermal stability and the same or similar chemical structure with the high-performance thermoplastic matrix in composites. However, these sizing agents still have defects in applications, for example, the use of organic solvent, which causes health and environmental risk. Hybrid modification by nano-silica, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and other nanocomponents has become another common strategy to improve the thermal stability and properties of fiber sizing agents. In the high temperature resistant fiber sizing agent system, the nanocomponents show a significant effect on improving the heat resistance and functionalizing the interface of composite. The introduction of nanocomponents inhibits the thermal decomposition of film former and increases the surface roughness of fibers, resulting in improved interface bonding between reinforcing fibers and matrix. Moreover, in consideration of the necessity of adding a coupling agent in the sizing agent for glass fiber and basalt fiber, the thermal decomposition temperature of various silane coupling agents has been systematically studied and summarized with their chemical structure. Despite the complex chemical process, the macromolecular coupling agent that contains both high temperature resistant imide groups and functional siloxane groups holds great potential for the applications of high temperature and high performance.

Conclusion and Prospect The future development of high temperature resistant fiber sizing agents is expected. In view of practical applications, there are still great challenges for novel fiber sizing agents in industrial production, and future breakthroughs are still needed. First of all, an in-depth study on the green synthesis of novel water-soluble/water dispersible film former with high thermal stability is required. The green and environmentally friendly sizing agent with no organic solvent use and satisfactory property will be highly desired in applications. Secondly, it is necessary to develop corresponding high temperature resistant sizing agents that are suitable for each kind of reinforced fiber. Finally, a systematic study is needed to reveal the complex effects of the addition of other functional additives on the stability and properties of the sizing agent in future research.

Key words: fiber sizing agent, composite, thermoplastic, interfacial strength, thermal stability

CLC Number:

TB332

QIAN Chen, HUANG Boxiang, LI Yongqiang, WAN Junmin, FU Yaqin. Research progress on high temperature resistant modified reinforcing fiber sizing agents[J].Journal of Textile Research, 2023, 44(09): 232-242.

Figures/Tables 3

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 1

References 71

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H₂HCH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₂CH₂Si(OCH₃)₃	390
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Research progress on high temperature resistant modified reinforcing fiber sizing agents

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