Abstract:

Objective Different parts of human body have distinct characteristics and requirements. Sweating rate distribution shows corresponding features under harsh environment or strenuous exercise， and it is essential to ensure healthy and comfortable clothing for all body parts in various scenarios. To accurately characterize differences in sweating rate across subdivided regions of whole body， this study aims to solve existing problems of patch weighing method in China， including excessively large patch area， wide patch spacing and incomplete coverage of human sweating data. Therefore， this study carries out refined investigation on whole-body sweating distribution of young males.

Method In experimental design， new patch shape and patch distribution layout were proposed based on patch weighing method， so that patch area division was precise and uniformly distributed over main parts of human body， facilitating observation of specific manifestations of sweat distribution. Also， human sweating distribution map and distribution pattern suitable for domestic young males were obtained through experiments with analysis of influencing factors.

Results This study proposed experimental method for human sweating distribution characterized by refined patch area division and regular patch shapes. A total of 588 standardized rectangular sweat-absorbent patches with sizes of 5 cm×5 cm and 2.5 cm×5 cm were used to cover 88.12% of human body surface for sweat data collection， including 114 patches on anterior trunk， 120 patches on posterior trunk， 132 patches on upper limbs， 198 and 16 on knees. Together with the whole-body sweating data of young males， this method established a detailed map of sweating distribution patterns， allowing difference analysis of sweating characteristics across different body parts. The results showed that human sweating presented symmetrical distribution on the whole， and sweating rate follows order of trunk > upper limbs > lower limbs. Sweating rate of trunk decreased from center to periphery， while that of limbs decreased progressively from junction with trunk to distal extremities. Comparison between measured sweating rate distribution and human vascular maps revealed a close correlation. Significant regional differences were found in the trunk， upper and lower limbs， with higher sweating in the chest， shoulders and central thighs， corresponding to dense blood vessels， thick main trunks and sufficient blood perfusion. Sweating was regulated by multiple factors， among which vascular distribution was critical but not exclusive. The proximal blood supply hubs in shoulders and thighs led to higher sweat secretion. This explains trunk sweating mechanism from anatomical and physiological evidence， while the full-body sweating mechanism requires further research. 12 subjects， all right-handed in ball sports， were instructed to exercise 3 to 5 times per week with activities including running， basketball and badminton. Sweating distribution patterns for these 12 subjects were found to be related to muscle usage habits during exercise， and the results showed that overall sweating rate of right side of body was higher than that of left side， leading to speculation that such exercise habits are key factor contributing to above data characteristic. Based on differences in human sweating regions， clothing design system was constructed from four dimensions， i.e.， fabric selection， structural design， functional zoning and detail optimization. This system led to coordinated improvement of clothing comfort and functionality， providing scientific guidance for innovative development of textiles and garments.

Conclusion This study clarifies hierarchical distribution characteristic of human sweating rate in order of trunk > upper limbs > lower limbs and explains intrinsic c

Key words: comfort, young male, refined zoning, apparent sweating rate, human sweating map