高效无卤阻燃棉织物的制备及其结构与性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20200603408

纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (03): 122-129.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200603408

所属专题：阻燃纤维及纺织品

高效无卤阻燃棉织物的制备及其结构与性能

马亚男¹, 沈军炎¹, 骆晓蕾¹, 张聪¹, 尚小磊¹, 刘琳¹(), KRUCINSKA Izabella², 姚菊明¹^,³

1.浙江理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 浙江杭州 310018
2.罗兹技术大学材料技术与纺织设计学院, 波兰罗兹 90-924
3.宁波大学, 浙江宁波 315211

收稿日期:2020-06-12 修回日期:2020-12-04 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-03-17
通讯作者: 刘琳
作者简介:马亚男(1993—),女,硕士。主要研究方向为纤维素基功能阻燃材料。
基金资助:
浙江省“万人计划”创新领军人才专项(111131A4E19003);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFE0131400);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51672251)

Preparation and properties of high efficiency halogen-free flame-retardant cotton fabrics

MA Ya'nan¹, SHEN Junyan¹, LUO Xiaolei¹, ZHANG Cong¹, SHANG Xiaolei¹, LIU Lin¹(), KRUCINSKA Izabella², YAO Juming¹^,³

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
2. Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz 90-924, Poland
3. Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China

Received:2020-06-12 Revised:2020-12-04 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-03-17
Contact: LIU Lin

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了提高棉织物的阻燃效果与耐久性,以磷酸二氢铵(NH₄H₂PO₄)和尿素为原料,经磷酸化改性制备无卤耐久阻燃棉织物。通过研究原料物质的量比、反应时间、反应温度对阻燃棉织物接枝率与白度的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:脱水葡萄糖单元(AGU)、NH₄H₂PO₄与尿素的量比为1∶2.5∶15,反应温度为130 ℃,反应时间为90 min。测试了阻燃棉织物的阻燃性能与耐水洗性能及力学性能等。结果表明:阻燃棉织物的极限氧指数(LOI)由原棉织物的18%提高到50.9%,达到不燃级别;经800 ℃热分解,残炭量上升到40.0%左右,具有优异的热稳定性;经30次标准洗涤测试后,LOI值仍可达到28.5%,表现出较好的耐洗涤性;该法实现了棉织物的高效耐久阻燃。

关键词: 磷酸二氢铵, 阻燃整理, 棉织物, 磷酸化, 无卤阻燃, 阻燃织物

Abstract:

In order to improve the flame retardancy and durability of cotton fabrics, halogen-free durable flame retardant cotton fabrics were prepared by applying phosphorylation modification with NH₄H₂PO₄ and urea as the raw materials. The effects of the molar ratio of the raw materials, reaction time and reaction temperature on the grafting rate and whiteness of flame-retardant cotton fabrics were studied. The optimum finishing process was identified to be 90 min reaction time, 130 ℃ reaction temperature, 1∶2.5∶15 raw material mole ratio among dehydrated glucose unit (AGU), NH₄H₂PO₄ and urea. The flame-retardancy, washing resistance and mechanical properties of fabrics were studied The limit oxygen index (LOI) of the flame retardant cotton fabric was increased from 18% to 50.9%, reaching the noncombustible level. After 800 ℃ thermal decomposition, the carbon residue increased to 40.0%, showing excellent thermal stability. At the same time, after 30 standard washing tests, the LOI value can still reach 28.5%, which shows good washing resistance. This method can be used to achieve efficient and durable flame-retardancy of cotton fabrics.

Key words: ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, flame-retardant finishing, cotton fabric, phosphorylation, halogen-free flame retardant, flame-retardant fabric

中图分类号:

TS195.5

马亚男, 沈军炎, 骆晓蕾, 张聪, 尚小磊, 刘琳, KRUCINSKA Izabella, 姚菊明. 高效无卤阻燃棉织物的制备及其结构与性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2021, 42(03): 122-129.

MA Ya'nan, SHEN Junyan, LUO Xiaolei, ZHANG Cong, SHANG Xiaolei, LIU Lin, KRUCINSKA Izabella, YAO Juming. Preparation and properties of high efficiency halogen-free flame-retardant cotton fabrics[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(03): 122-129.

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水洗次数	接枝率/%	LOI值/%
0	21.01	50.9
10	19.51	31.8
20	18.02	29.1
30	17.36	28.5
40	16.46	24.7
50	15.82	20.8

高效无卤阻燃棉织物的制备及其结构与性能

Preparation and properties of high efficiency halogen-free flame-retardant cotton fabrics

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